动词不定式主动被动todotobedonetobedoing/tohavedonetohavebeendone否定式：not/never+todo一般式进行式完成式•（1）一般式：todo;tobedone•表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后，例如：•Hepretendedtounderstandnothing.(_______)Thepatientaskedtobeoperatedonatonce.(_______)•（2）进行式：tobedoing•tobedoing表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，例如：•Don’tdisturbhim.Heseemstobethinkingaboutsomethingimportant.•他们假装在吵架。_______________________________.同时之后Thypretendedtobequarreling•（3）完成式：主动：tohavedone•被动：tohavebeendone•表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前，例如：•IcantellyouaboutthefilmbecauseIhappentohaveseenthefilm.•Heseems____________(听到过)somegoodnews.Heissohappy.•据说他被警察带走了。•Heissaid_________________________________.tohaveheardtohavebeentakenawaybythepolice.•不定式的句法功能：1）作主语：•Tofinishtheworkintenminutesisveryhard.•眼见为实。_____________________.•2)常用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式置于句后，例如：•Itisveryhardtofinishtheworkintenminutes.•多吃点蔬菜和水果是明智的选择。____________________________________________________.toseeistobelieveItisawisechoicetoeatmorevegetablesandfruit.•常用句式有：•1、It+be+名词/形容词+todo•2、Ittakes(sb.)+sth+todo：•一个巴掌拍不响。_____________________________.•3、It+be+形容词+forsb+todo•4、It+be+形容词+ofsb.+todo(常用:careless,careful;clever,wise,silly,stupid,foolish;honest,kind,nice,cruel,lazy,等表示赞扬或批评人的形容词，句子可以转换成人作主语):•Itwaswiseofyoutofollowthedoctor’sadvice.•=Youwerewisetofollowthedoctor’sadvice.Ittakestwotomakeaquarrel.•（2）作表语：联系动词+todo•1）Herjobnowistocleanthehall.•2）Heseems____________somethingdisgraceful(不光彩的),forhimlookssonervous.•A.doB.tohavedone•C.tobedoneD.tohavebeendone•3）WhatIwanttodonowis__________agoodrest.I’msotired.•A.haveB.havingC.tohavehadD.havehadBA•（3）作宾语：vt.+todo•1)vt.+todo：(decide,expect,want,hope,wish,offer,fail,plan,learn,pretend,refuse,manage,help,agree,promise,prefer,etc.)•Hedidn’tagreetolendmeanymoney.•I’msorry.Ididn’t_______you.•A.meanhurtingB.needtohurt•ChopetohavehurtD.meantohurt•HeissobusywithhisSenior3studiesthathecan’thelp________anyhousework.•A.doingB.doC.todoingD.tobedoingDB•2)vt.+it+adj./n.(宾语补足语)+todo•Ithinkitimpossibletogethimtochangehismind.•Hehas______________________________________________________________(每天早晨喝杯冷开水的习惯)。•3)介词+(to)do•Ihavenochoicebuttostayhere.•Hedidnothingbut______lastSunday.A.tosurftheInternetB.playonlinegamesC.chattingonlineD.towatchonlinefilmsmadeitaruletodrinkaglassofcoldboiledwatereachmorning.B•（4）作宾语补足语：•1)vt.+宾语+(to)do：(want,wish,ask,tell,order,beg,permit,help,advise,persuade,allow,prepare,cause,force,callon,waitfor,inviteetc.)•2)with+宾语+todo(表示将来动作)•Withalotofwork_______,hedidn'tgotothecinema.•Withallthework______,hewenttothecinema.•A.todoB.doneC.doingD.tohavebeendoneAB•有些动词(11个半动词)make,have,let,see,hear,watch,feel,notice,observe,lookat,listento,(help)等与不带有to的不定式连用，但改为被动语态时，不定式要加to,如：•Isawhimcrosstheroad.Hewasseen__________________•Isuddenlyheardmyname___________byalowvoicefrombehindinthedarkness.•A.callingB.tocallC.calledD.call•特别注意：hope/suggest/agree/demand等后面不能跟sbtodo.tocrosstheroad.C•（5）作定语：•动词不定式作定语，放在...
