英语高考语法复习(虚拟语气专题)一、非真实条件句中的虚拟语气(if引导)二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气三、主语从句中的虚拟语气四、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气五、状语从句中的虚拟语气六、几种特殊的虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。Ifsb/sth.….,sb./sth.…现在过去将来did/werehaddonewould/could/should/mightdowould/could/should/mighthavedonedidshoulddoweretodowould/could/should/mightdoContraryto…1.虚拟语气用于条件状语从句考题点击：1.Iamnotfreetoday.IfI___freetoday,I__andvisitsomeofmyfriends.A.amwillgoB.were,wouldgoC.shallbeD.be,mustgo2.Ifmylawyer___herelastSaturday,he__mefromgoing.A.hadbeen,wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen,wouldpreventC.were,wouldpreventD.were,wouldhaveprevented3.IfIweretoseeTom,what___you___metotellhim?A.are,goingtoaskB.do,askC.would,askD.did,ask虚拟条件句还要注意以下4点：（1）省略if及倒装若虚拟条件句中有were,had,should时，可省略if而将were,had,should移到句首。如：1）IfIweretomeethimtomorrow,Ishouldaskhimaboutit.WereItomeethimtomorrow,…2）__forthedoctor’scarefultreatment,he___tilllastyear.A.Ifitisnot,can’tliveB.Wereitnot,couldn’tliveC.Haditnotbeen,couldn’thavelivedD.Iftheywerenot,couldn’tliveIfyou___________(turn)rightjustnow,you____________(notbe)introublenow.IfheIfhehadcomehadcomeyesterday,Iyesterday,Iwouldhavehelpedwouldhavehelpedhim.him.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,thecropswouldbesaved.（2）错综时间虚拟条件句虚拟条件句与主句谓语动词发生的时间有时不一致，要注意主从句谓语形式。hadturnedwouldnotbeIfit____________(notrain)inthemorning,Ifit____________(notrain)inthemorning,I_________(be)inthetownnow.I_________(be)inthetownnow.hadnotrainedwouldbe有时假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来，而是通过一个介词来表示或通过上下文或其他方式表示如“butfor”，“without”及“but”“otherwise/or”等表示含蓄的虚拟：（3）含蓄虚拟条件句Withoutgravity,objectswouldnotfalltothegroundwhendropped.Shewasn’tfeelingverywell.Otherwiseshewouldn’thaveleftthemeetingsoearly.【2012福建卷】Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewe________moreplacesofinterestyesterday.A.visitedB.hadvisitedC.wouldvisitD.wouldhavevisited考题点击：1.Iwentbyplane;otherwiseI____muchlongertime.A.couldtakeB.wouldtakeC.willhavetakenD.wouldhavetakenD2.Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwisehe_____agoal.A.hadscoredB.scoredC.wouldscoreD.wouldhavescoredD3.Withoutliberationwe________anewlife.A.wouldnotbeginB.wouldnothavebeenbegunC.hadnotbegunD.wouldnothavebegunDifonlyhaddonedid/were对过去虚拟对现在虚拟（4）ifonly从句ifonly若是...那该多好啊;真希望...;只要...就好1.IfonlyMarx____（be）stillbymysidetoseethiswithhisowneyesatpresent.would/could/mightdo对将来虚拟were2.IfonlyI_____howtooperateanelectroniccomputerasyoudo.A.hadknownB.wouldknowC.shouldknowD.knew比较ifonly与onlyifonlyif表示“只有”；Iwakeup___thealarmclockrings.[考题]1.Ifonlygrandmother____thistogetherwithusnow.A.willseeB.couldseeC.mustseeD.shouldsee2.Ifonlyhe___quietlyasthedoctorinstructed,hewouldnotsuffersomuchnow.A.liesB.layC.hadlainD.shouldlie(lie躺，lay,lain)onlyifwishwishwishwish+did/were(+did/were(与现在事实相反的情况与现在事实相反的情况))+haddone(+haddone(与过去事实相反))+would/could/might+do(将来不大可能实现的愿望)二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气1.wish后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的愿望。表达形式一般是将从句的谓语动词退后一个时态。HowIwishI____torepairthewatch!Ionlymadeitworse....
