独立主格结构及精选习题

独立主格结构（一）定义：不定式或分词短语作状语时，它的逻辑主语一般必须与句子的主语一致。但有时它也可以有自己的独立的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。 （二）构成：1. 名词（代词）+ 不定式、现在分词或过去分词Weather permitting, we'll go sightseeing. = If weather permits, ...作条件状语 天气允许的话，我们要去观光。Homework finished, the boy went out to play football.=When homework was finished,...作时间状语作业做完了，男孩出去玩足球。The exam to be held tomorrow, I can't go to the cinema tonight. 明天要考试，我今晚不能去看电影。2. 名词（代词）+（being ）+表语（名词、形容词、副词或介词短语）It (being) Sunday, we went climbing. = As it was Sunday, ...作原因状语 由于是星期天，我们去爬山。Tod looked at the million-pound note, his eyes (being) wide open. 托德眼睛睁得大大的看着百万钞票。Summer vacations (being) over, students returned to school. 暑假结束了，学生们返回学校。3. with + 名词（代词）+宾补，宾补可用现在分词、过去分词、动词不定式、形容词、副词或介词短语。此句型又称 with 复合结构。a. They pretended to be working hard all night with their lights burning. 他们点着灯假装整晚都在努力工作。b. She had to walk home with he bike stolen. 因为自行车被偷了，她不得不走着回家。c. I can't go out to play with so much homework to do. 这么多作业要做，我不能出去玩。d. She fell asleep with the windows open.她开着窗户睡着了。e. The students left the classroom with the light on. 开着灯学生们离开了教室。f. The teacher came into the room, with a book in his hand. = book in hand老师手里拿着书走进了房间。 （三）独立主格结构的特点：1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。 2）名词或代词与后面的现在分词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词等是逻辑主谓关系；名词或代词与后面的过去分词是逻辑动宾关系。 3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与句子分开；修饰整个句子，在句中位置灵活，可放在句首、句中或句末，常用作状语。 （四）独立主格结构精选习题：1．Ford t...