技法6|利用词法和句法结构解题完形填空会有个别设空是考查在语境中灵活运用所学语法和句法结构的能力，辨析同义词、近义词的能力。正确分析句子的语法成分和结构，具备扎实的词汇基础知识是解题的关键。[典例1](2015·全国卷Ⅰ)Whenwehandedhimthebagof52.food，helitupandthankeduswith__53__eyes.WhenIhandedhimthegiftcard，sayinghecoulduseitfor__54__hisfamilymightneed，heburstintotears.53.A.sleepyB．wateryC．curiousD．sharp54．A.whoeverB．whateverC．whicheverD．whenever解析：53题考查词义辨析。四个词都可以修饰eyes，但通过thanked我们可推知应是感动得眼睛湿润(watery)了，故选B。54题考查句法结构，介词for后面为宾语从句，引导词引导宾语从句且在从句中作need的宾语，应用代词whatever，故选B。[典例2](2015·天津高考)Wefinallydidanditwas20.loveatfirstsight.ItwasOurHome，smallandcharming，overlookingaquietlake.Walkingthroughtheroomsandtalkingwiththeowners，aniceelderlycouple，wefeltthewarmthand__21__ofthemarriagewithinthathome.Asperfectasitwas，thepriceremainedtoohighforus.Buteveryday，wewouldsitbythelake，lookingatthehouseanddreamingof__22__itwouldbeliketolivethere.21.A.prideB．happinessC．challengeD．desire22．A.whichB．whyC．thatD．what解析：21题考查词义辨析。由空前的warmthand可知此空应该填与warmth并列的词且都是表积极态度的词，选项中只有happiness符合，故选B。22题考查句法结构，此空格引导介词of的宾语从句，且从句中缺少介词like的宾语，应选what，故选D。A(2016·江苏高考)Yearsago，acriticaleventoccurredinmylifethatwouldchangeitforever.ImetKurtKampmeirofSuccessMotivationIncorporationforbreakfast.Whilewewere__1__，Kurtaskedme，“John，whatisyour__2__forpersonalgrowth？”Neveratalossforwords，Itriedtofindthingsinmylifethatmight__3__forgrowth.ItoldhimaboutthemanyactivitiesinwhichIwas__4__．AndIwentintoa__5__abouthowhardIworkedandthegainsIwasmaking.Imusthavetalkedfortenminutes.Kurt__6__patiently，butthenhe__7__smiledandsaid，“Youdon'thaveapersonalplanforgrowth，doyou？”“No，”I__8__．“Youknow，”Kurtsaidsimply，“growthisnota(n)__9__process.”Andthat'swhenit__10__me.Iwasn'tdoinganything__11__tomakemyselfbetter.Andatthatmoment，Imadethe__12__：Iwilldevelopandfollowapersonalgrowthplanformy__13__．Thatnight，Italkedtomywifeaboutmy__14__withKurtandwhatIhadlearned.I__15__hertheworkbookandtapesKurtwasselling.We__16__thatKurtwasn'tjusttryingtomakeasale.Hewasofferinga__17__forustochangeourlivesandachieveourdreams.Severalimportantthingshappenedthatday.First，wedecidedto__18__theresources.Butmoreimportantly，wemadeacommitmentto__19__togetherasacouple.Fromthatdayon，welearnedtogether，traveledtogether，andsacrificedtogether.Itwasa__20__decision.Whiletoomanycouplesgrowapart，weweregrowingtogether.本文是一篇记叙文。Kurt的关于人生规划的话激发了作者的思考，作者明白了成长不是一个人漫无目的地打拼，于是他选择和妻子一起成长。1．A.workingB．preparingC．thinkingD．eatingD[上文语境题。联系前文的forbreakfast我们知道，作者和对方在吃(eat)早餐。work工作；prepare准备；think思考；eat吃饭。]2．A.suggestionB．demandC．planD．requestC[下文语境题。联系下文的Youdon'thaveapersonalplanforgrowth可知，Kurt认为作者没有自己的个人成长计划，由此可知前面是Kurt在问作者的个人成长计划(plan)。suggestion建议；demand要求；plan规划，计划；request要求。]3．A.appealB．lookC．callD．qualifyD[下文语境题。根据接下来作者列举的自己参与的各种活动、付出的努力以及收获我们知道，空格处表示作者在尽力寻找对自己来说称得上(qualifyfor)成长的事情。appealfor吸引，呼吁；lookfor寻...
