模式4|词义猜测题单词、短语的含义单词表示的对象句子的含义代词的指代对象根据上下文猜测单词或短语的含义。猜测单词(一般是名词)代表什么范畴的东西。根据上下文猜测某个句子的含义。根据上下文猜测代词it，they，that，these，those代指的人或物。解题技巧1.利用针对性的解释，如定义、同位语、定语从句、重述等。2．利用标点符号，如破折号、冒号、分号、引号后面的内容或括号中的内容。3．利用文中列举的例子或给出的同义词、反义词等。4．根据内文逻辑关系，如并列、对比、因果关系等。5．根据构词法，如前缀、后缀、复合词等。[典例1](2015·江苏高考·D节选)FreedomandResponsibilityFreedom'schallengeintheDigitalAgeisaserioustopic.Wearefacingtodayastrangenewworldandweareallwonderingwhatwearegoingtodowithit.Some2，500yearsagoGreecediscoveredfreedom.Beforethattherewasnofreedom.Thereweregreatcivilizations，splendidempires，butnofreedomanywhere.EgyptandBabylonwerebothtyrannies，oneverypowerfulmanrulingoverhelplessmasses.InGreece，inAthens(雅典)，alittlecityinalittlecountry，therewerenohelplessmasses.AndAthenianswillinglyobeyedthewrittenlawswhichtheythemselvespassed，andtheunwritten，whichmustbeobeyediffreemenlivetogether.Theymustshoweachotherkindnessandpityandthemanyqualitieswithoutwhichlifewouldbeverypainfulunlessonechosetolivealoneinthedesert.TheAtheniansneverthoughtthatamanwasfreeifhecoulddowhathewanted.Amanwasfreeifhewasself－controlled.Tomakeyourselfobeywhatyouapprovedwasfreedom.Theyweresavedfromlookingattheirlivesastheirownprivateaffair.EachonefeltresponsibleforthewelfareofAthens，notbecauseitwasforcedonhimfromtheoutside，butbecausethecitywashisprideandhissafety.Theessentialbeliefofthefirstfreegovernmentintheworldwaslibertyforallmenwhocouldcontrolthemselvesandwouldtakeresponsibilityforthestate.Butdiscoveringfreedomisnotlikediscoveringcomputers.Itcannotbediscoveredonceforall.Ifpeopledonotprizeit，andworkforit，itwillgo.Constantwatchisitsprice.Athenschanged.Itwasachangethattookplacewithoutbeingnoticedthoughitwasoftheextremeimportance，aspiritualchangewhichaffectedthewholestate.IthadbeentheAthenian'sprideandjoytogivetotheircity.Thattheycouldgetmaterialbenefitsfromherneverenteredtheirminds.Therehadtobeacompletechangeofattitudebeforetheycouldlookatthecityasanemployerwhopaidhercitizensfordoingherwork.Nowinsteadofmengivingtothestate，thestatewastogivetothem.Whatthepeoplewantedwasagovernmentwhichwouldprovideacomfortablelifeforthem;andwiththisastheprimaryobject，ideasoffreedomandself－relianceandresponsibilitywereneglectedtothepointofdisappearing.Athenswasmoreandmorelookedonasacooperativebusinesspossessedofgreatwealthinwhichallcitizenshadarighttoshare.Athensreachedthepointwhenthefreedomshereallywantedwasfreedomfromresponsibility.There_could_be_only_one_result.Ifmeninsistedonbeingfreefromtheburdenofself－dependenceandresponsibilityforthecommongood，theywouldceasetobefree.Responsibilityisthepriceeverymanmustpayforfreedom.Itistobehadonnootherterms.Athens，theAthensofAncientGreece，refusedresponsibility;shereachedtheendoffreedomandwasnevertohaveitagain.65．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tyrannies”inParagraph2referto?A．Countrieswheretheirpeopleneedhelp.B．Powerfulstateswithhighercivilization.C．Splendidempireswherepeopleenjoyfreedom.D．Governmentsruledwithabsolutepower.68．Whatdoesthesentence“Therecouldbeonlyoneresult.”inParagraph5mean?A．Athenswouldcontinuetobefree.B．Athenswouldceasetohavefreedom.C．Freedomwouldcomefro...
