光伏交通指示牌设计摘要本文设计了一种具有时控和光控相结合的光伏交通指示牌控制器，利用单片机STC12C2051和时钟芯片DS1302控制交通指示牌照明时间，利用低功耗的数据存储器24C02存储交通指示牌点亮和熄灭时间，利用光敏电阻实现光电控制。傍晚光线暗时控制器自动接通交通指示牌电源，深夜行人少时根据设置的时间熄灭交通指示牌，早上再自动接通电源点亮交通指示牌、天亮后自动关断。文中详细分析了控制器的电路组成和工作原理，简述了控制器的调试过程。光伏交通指示牌由光伏电池、蓄电池、高亮度LED,控制器等部件组成，减少噪声污染：光伏交通指示牌运动部件很少，基本没有噪声。关键词：光伏电池；LED；铅酸蓄电池；时控、光控电路；充放电控制器AbstractInthispaper,aphotovoltaictrafficindicatorcontrollerwithacombinationoftimecontrolandlightcontrolisdesigned.Thelightingtimeofthetrafficindicatoriscontrolledbysingle-chipmicrocomputerSTC12C2051andclockchipDS1302.Thelightingtimeofthetrafficindicatorisstoredbylow-powerdatastorage24C02.Whenthelightisdarkintheevening,thecontrollerwillautomaticallyswitchonthepowerofthetrafficsign.Whenpedestriansareyoungatnight,theywillturnoffthetrafficsignaccordingtothesettime.Inthemorning,thecontrollerwillturnonthepowerautomaticallyandlightupthetrafficsign.Thecircuitcompositionandworkingprincipleofthecontrollerareanalyzedindetail.Photovoltaictrafficsignsarecomposedofphotovoltaiccells,batteries,high-brightnessleds,controllersandothercomponentstoreducenoisepollution:photovoltaictrafficsignshavefewmovingpartsandalmostnonoise.Keywords:photovoltaiccell;TheLED;Leadacidbattery;Timecontrol,lightcontrolcircuit;Chargedischargecontroller目录1引言................................................................................................................................................32方案论证........................................................................................................................................32.1设计要求.............................................................................................................................32.2方案选择.............................................................................................................................33系统总体框图...............................................................................................................................44系统硬件设计...............................................................................................................................44.1电源电路............................................................................................................................44.2光伏电池板组件................................................................................................................54.3蓄电池.................................................................................................................................64.4照明负载.............................................................................................................................64.5蓄电池和光伏板的选用.....................................................................................................84.6显示电路.............................................................................................................................94.7过充、过放控制电路.........................................................................................................94.8DS1302的结构...
