钻井设备简介（英文版）drillingrigcomponentVIP专享VIP免费

DrillingRigComponentsPetexandtheUniversityofTexasAustin©Petex2001DrillingRigComponentsCrownBlockandWaterTableCatlineBoomandHoistLineDrillingLineMonkeyboardTravelingBlockTopDriveMastDrillPipeDoghouseBlowoutPreventerWaterTankElectricCableTrayEngineGeneratorSetsFuelTankElectricalControlHouseMudPumpsBulkMudComponentTanksMudTanks(Pits)ReservePitMud-GasSeparatorShaleShakersChokeManifoldPipeRampPipeRacksAccumulatorAdditionalrigcomponentsnotillustratedatright.AnnulusBrakeCasingHeadCatheadCatwalkCellarConductorPipeEquipmentusedindrillingRamBOPRatholeRotaryHoseRotaryTableSlipsSpinningchainStairwaysStandpipeSurfaceCasingSubstructureSwivelCrownBlockandWaterTableAnassemblyofsheavesorpulleysmountedonbeamsatthetopofthederrick.Thedrillinglineisrunoverthesheavesdowntothehoistingdrum.DegasserDesanderDesilterDrawworksDrillBitDrillCollarsDriller'sConsoleElevatorsHoistingLineHookKellyKellyBushingKellySpinnerMouseholeMudReturnLineTongsWalkwaysWeightIndicatorCatlineBoomandHoistLineAstructuralframeworkerectednearthetopofthederrickforliftingmaterial.DrillingLineAwireropehoistingline,reevedonsheavesofthecrownblockandtravelingblock(ineffectablockandtackle).Itsprimarypurposeistohoistorlowerdrillpipeorcasingfromorintoawell.Also,awireropeusedtosupportthedrillingtools.MonkeyboardThederrickman'sworkingplatform.Doubleboard,tribbleboard,fourableboard;amonkeyboardlocatedataheightinthederrickormastequaltotwo,three,orfourlengthsofpiperespectively.TravelingBlockAnarrangementofpulleysorsheavesthroughwhichdrillingcableisreeved,whichmovesupordowninthederrickormast.TopDriveThetopdriverotatesthedrillstringendbitwithouttheuseofakellyandrotarytable.Thetopdriveisoperatedfromacontrolconsoleontherigfloor.MastAportablederrickcapableofbeingerectedasaunit,asdistinguishedfromastandardderrick,whichcannotberaisedtoaworkingpositionasaunit.DrillPipeTheheavyseamlesstubingusedtorotatethebitandcirculatethedrillingfluid.Jointsofpipe30feetlongarecoupledtogetherwithtooljoints.DoghouseAsmallenclosureontherigfloorusedasanofficeforthedrillerorasastorehouseforsmallobjects.Also,anysmallbuildingusedasanofficeorforstorage.BlowoutPreventerAlargevalve,usuallyinstalledabovetherampreventers,thatformsasealintheannularspacebetweenthepipeandwellboreor,ifnopipeispresent,onthewellboreitselfWaterTankIsusedtostorewaterthatisusedformudmixing,cementing,andrigcleaning.ElectricCableTraySupportstheheavyelectricalcablesthatfeedthepowerfromthecontrolpaneltotherigmotors.EngineGeneratorSetsAdiesel,LiquefiedPetroleumGas(LPG),naturalgas,orgasolineengine,alongwithamechanicaltransmissionandgeneratorforproducingpowerforthedrillingrig.Newerrigsuseelectricgeneratorstopowerelectricmotorsontheotherpartsoftherig.FuelTanksFuelstoragetanksforthepowergeneratingsystem.ElectricHouseOndieselelectricrigs,powerfuldieselenginesdrivelargeelectricgenerators.Thegeneratorsproduceelectricitythatflowsthroughcablestoelectricswitchesandcontrolequipmentenclosedinacontrolcabinetorpanel.Electricityisfedtoelectricmotorsviathepanel.MudPumpAlargereciprocatingpumpusedtocirculatethemud(drillingfluid)onadrillingrig.BulkMudComponentsinStorageHoppertypetanksforstorageofdrillingfluidcomponents.MudPitsAseriesofopentanks,usuallymadeofsteelplates,throughwhichthedrillingmudiscycledtoallowsandandsedimentstosettleout.Additivesaremixedwiththemudinthepit,andthefluidistemporarilystoredtherebeforebeingpu...