II运输毒品罪死刑问题研究摘要：死刑是一种历史悠久的以生命权为对象的严厉刑罚，近年来人权运动的发展不断推动着我国的死刑改革。虽然毒品犯罪的死刑适用有着历史背景与民众基础，但是过往刑法修正案两次大规模废止非暴力犯罪的死刑适用，对于毒品犯罪而言，其应当是非暴力犯罪，因此学者们提出要对于毒品犯罪中的死刑进行废除，从而更好的实现保障人权的目的。司法实践中定罪率、重刑率极高的运输毒品罪，我国刑法在进行立法时，对于犯罪人实施的运输毒品的行为，并未进行单独立法，而是将其与走私、贩卖等其他毒品犯罪进行共同立法，对于毒品犯罪中的不同犯罪类型采取的是同等的刑法，并且对于犯罪人的情节较为严重的，我国刑法明确规定可以对犯罪人实施死刑。尽管运输毒品罪在司法实务中适用极多，但是，在运输毒品罪的理论及实证研究中，围绕着运输毒品罪的死刑适用的问题却仍存在许多争议。刑法以保护法益为目的，犯罪构成则决定行为的社会危害性，故对运输毒品罪的讨论应首先确定其保护法益、性质和构成要件，运输毒品罪死刑适用及相关问题的研究就需要以此为基础。对于毒品犯罪而言，其运输行为所造成的社会危害性，同时对于死刑刑罚适用的效果进行探究，是否能够对犯罪分子起到震慑作用，防止毒品犯罪的再发生，从而表明本文支持从立法上废止该罪死刑适用的观点。为此，分别从规范、价值与实践三个方面对运输毒品罪死刑废止的理由进行分析。在寻找到废止的理论依据后，再从立法层面分析运输毒品罪死刑废止的具体路径。关键词：运输毒品罪；死刑适用；死刑废止中图分类号：D924.36IIIResearchonDeathPenaltyofDrugTransportingCrimeAbstract:Deathpenaltyisakindofseverepenaltywithalonghistory,whichtakestherighttolifeastheobject.Inrecentyears,thedevelopmentofhumanrightsmovementhasbeenpromotingthereformofdeathpenaltyinChina.Althoughtheapplicationofdeathpenaltyindrug-relatedcrimeshasahistoricalbackgroundandapopularbasis,thepreviouscriminallawamendmentshaveabolishedtheapplicationofdeathpenaltyinnonviolentcrimesonalargescaletwice,whichmakesthevoiceofabolishingtheapplicationofdeathpenaltyindrug-relatedcrimesgraduallyrising.Theabolitionofdeathpenaltyindrug-relatedcrimeshasbecomeageneraltrend.Injudicialpractice,thecrimeoftransportingdrugs,whichhasahighrateofconvictionandseverepunishment,appearsintheformofselectivechargesinlegislation.Thesentencingrangeofthecrimeofsmuggling,traffickingandmanufacturingdrugsisthesame,andthemaximumpenaltyisdeathpenalty.Althoughthecrimeoftransportingdrugsiswidelyusedinjudicialpractice,therearestillmanycontroversiesabouttheapplicationofdeathpenaltyinthetheoreticalandempiricalresearchofthecrimeoftransportingdrugs.Thepurposeofcriminallawistoprotectlegalinterests,andtheconstitutionofcrimedeterminesthesocialharmfulnessofbehavior.Therefore,thediscussiononthecrimeoftransportingdrugsshouldfirstdetermineitslegalinterests,natureandconstitutiverequirements,andtheresearchontheapplicationofdeathpenaltyandrelatedissuesofthecrimeoftransportingdrugsneedstobebasedonit.Thispapersortsoutthelegislativeprovisionsontheapplicationofdeathpenaltyinthecrimeoftransportingdrugs,clarifiesthecurrentsituationofitsjudicialapplication,andanalyzesthedeterrenteffectofdeathpenaltyapplicationonthecriminalactivitiesoftransportingdrugsanddrugphenomenon.Itshowsthatthispapersupportstheviewpointofabolishingtheapplicationofdeathpenaltyinthecrimeoftransportingdrugsfromtheperspectiveoflegislation.Therefore,thispaperanalyzesthereasonsforabolishingthedeathpenaltyofthecrimeoftransportingdrugsfromthreeaspectsofnorms,valueandpractice.Afterfindingthetheoreticalbasisofabolishment,thispaperanalyzesthespecificpathofabo...
