远洋船舶备件采购的风险评估与防范远洋船舶备件采购的风险评估与防范摘要进入21世纪以来，由于经济全球化进程明显加快，使得各国经济相互交往成为非常普遍的现象，而在这其中国际贸易以及跨国公司的扩张进一步推动了国际采购的发展。特别是随着现代信息技术的不断发展成熟，以及供应链管理思想和方法的普及，企业采购职能和方式发生重大变化，引发了一场深刻的变革。由此引发的企业在国际领域的竞争更加激烈。只有引入先进的国际采购理念，合理控制成本和风险，才能是企业立于不败之地。为了提高企业企业的投入收益的和提升国际竞争力，需要企业在全世界范围内去寻找供应商，寻找质量最好，价格最合理的产品(货物与服务)，力图在全球范围内形成以供应链管理为基础的、分工合理、运作有序、管理严密的企业网络，从而实现投资、开发、生产和销售的最优化。对于海运企业来说,企业的投入收益,除了有效控制成本,还在很大的程度上海取决于对于船舶营运风险的控制。而备件采购风险的控制是船舶营运风险控制的主要体现的方面。船舶备件的采购工作是船舶高效、安全运营的保证，是每个海运企业工作的重心。而如何做到这个，也就是如何做好船舶备件采购的风险评估与规范，这是每个航运企业都要面临的问题。本文经过研究提出远洋船舶备件采购风险评估与防范改进的策略A远洋船舶备件采购的风险评估与防范主要为正确识别可能存在的各种风险；通过考察和监控，建立供应商风险控制机制；采购过程的运行控制；合理选择与评估供应商；提高全员的风险管理意识，提高相关人员的工作效率；供应商数量优化，建立相应的供应商考核体系。关键词：远洋船舶备件；国际采购；风险评估B远洋船舶备件采购的风险评估与防范目录一、引言······························································································1（一）研究背景·····························································································1（二）研究的目的和意义·················································································3（三）研究的内容和方法·················································································3二、理论综述························································································4（一）国际采购理论·······················································································4（二）采购风险理论·······················································································5（三）采购风险评估与防范理论········································································71.采购风险评估理论·························································································72.采购风险防范理论·························································································7三、远洋船舶备件采购概述···...
