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中国的侦查制度（英）SystemGoverningInvestigationsThissystemgovernsinvestigationsandothermandatorymeasurestakeninaccordancewithlawbypublicsecurityauthoritiesandprocuratoratesinhandlingcases.Itconsistsofprovisionsregardingthenatureandmission,organizationalstructure,principlesofactivitiesandworkingproceduresofinvestigationauthorities.StatusandNatureofPublicSecurityAuthoritiesPublicsecurityauthoritiesareanimportantpartofthegovernment.Theyarebothanadministrativearmandajudicialorgansincetheyareinchargeofcriminalinvestigations,playingauniqueroleincrackingdownoncrimesandmaintainingsocialsecurity.CriminalPoliceCriminalpoliceareamajorforceofthepolice.1.QualificationRequirementsforInvestigativeOfficersArticle26ofthePeople’sPoliceLawprovidesthatinvestigativeofficersshouldmeetthefollowingconditions:Citizensatleast18yearsofage;SupporttheConstitutionofthePeople’sRepublicofChina;Ingoodpolitical,professionalandmoralstanding;Ingoodhealth;Haveatleastaseniorhighschooleducation;Willingtobeapoliceman.Personswhohavethefollowingrecordsshouldnotbeamemberofthepolice:Havingreceivedcriminalpenaltyforcommittingacrime;Havingbeendismissedfrompublicoffice.2.PromotionsPolicearedividedinto13ranksinfivecategories:PoliceCommissionerandDeputyCommissioner;PoliceSuperintendentLevel1,2and3;PoliceInspectorLevel1,2and3;PoliceSergeantLevel1,2and3;PoliceConstableLevel1and2.TheMinistryofPublicSecuritysupervisestherankingandpromotionsofthepolice.Investigations1.AcceptanceandEstablishmentofCasesPublicsecurityauthoritiesshouldimmediatelyaccept,inquireabout,takenotesofandhearcasesofsuspectsturnedin,reportedorbroughttothepolicebycitizensorsuspectswhoturnthemselvesin.Thosethatmeetconditionsshouldbeacceptedandfiledasacaseandforcomplicatedandmaterialcases,aninvestigationplanand,ifnecessary,necessarymeasureshavetobetaken.2.ProceduresforCriminalInvestigationsForcriminalcasesthatalreadybeenfiledwiththepolice,investigationsshouldbelaunchedforathoroughandimpartialcollectionofevidencethatmaydeterminewhetherthesuspectisguiltyorinnocentand,ifguilty,whetheritisafelonoramisdemeanor.Dependingonactualneeds,variousdetectivemeansandmeasureswillbetakeninstrictcompliancewithstatutoryprocedures.3.ProceduresforDetentionsandArrestsPublicsecurityauthoritiesmayproceedtodetaincriminalscaughtintheactormaterialsuspectsinaccordancewithstatutoryprocedures;theymayalsoseekapprovalfromprocuratoratesforanarrestwarrantforsuspectsforwhomsufficientevidenceofincriminationexistsandasentenceislikely,andforwhommeasuressuchasobtainingaguarantorinanticipationoftrialoutofcustodyandsurveillanceofresidenceisinsufficientforensuringsocialsecurityandorder.4．ProceduresforCaseTransferandProsecutionCasesconcludedbypublicsecurityauthoritiesforwhichthefactsareclearlyestablished,evidenceisverifiedandsufficient,thenatureofcrimeandnameoffelonycorrectlydefined,legalprocedurescompletedandforwhichcriminalliabilitiesshouldbeprosecuted,shouldbetransferredtotheprocuratorateatthesameleveltodeterminewhetherpublicprosecutioniswarranted.5.ProceduresforEvidenceGatheringDetectivesshouldstrictlyfollowstatutoryproceduresincollectingallkindsofevidencethatcanprovewhetherasuspectisguiltyornot,orhowseriousthefelonyis.Extortionofconfessionthroughtortureandcollectingevidencethroughthreat,inducement,deceptionorotherillegalmeansarestrictlyforbidden.