摘要本论文介绍了一种基于AT89C51单片机平台,采用光电传感器进行电机转速测量的方法,介绍了该测速法的基本原理、实现步骤和软硬件设计。为了设计简单可靠的直流电机测速装置，提出了基于单片机为核心的电机转速测量系统。整个系统的构架包括转速信号的采集，光电转换及信号处理电路设计，整形驱动电路设计，复位电路设计，晶振电路设计，LED显示电路设计。整形放大电路主要是将传感器输出的不稳定的电信号转化成脉冲信号;转速的计算利用单片机AT89C51的定时器和计数器。根据系统编写源程序，并通过运行试验证明。该系统结构简单，测量结果稳定可靠，满足电机的测速要求。关键词：转速测量；单片机；光电传感器；电机AbstractThispaperintroducesaplatformbasedonAT89C51,adoptthemethodofphotoelectricsensortoimplementmotorspeedmeasurement,introducesthebasicprincipleofthespeedmeasuringmethod,implementationstepsandthehardwareandsoftwaredesign.Inordertodesignasimpleandreliabledevicefordcmotorspeedestimation,motorspeedmeasurementsystembasedonsinglechipmicrocomputerasthecoreisputforward.Thearchitectureofthewholesystemincludingthespeedsignalacquisition,rotationspeedsignalprocessing,speedcalculationanddisplay.Plasticamplifyingcircuitismainlythesensoroutputwithoutsidenoiseoftheunstablesignalintopulsesignal;RotationalspeedofthecalculationofAT89C51single-chiptimerandcounter.Writethesourceprogramaccordingtothesystem,andbyrunningtheexperimentprovedthatthesystemhassimplestructure,stableandreliablemeasurementresults,satisfytherequirementofthemotorspeed.Keywords：Speedmeasurement;Singlechipmicrocomputer;Photoelectricsensor;Themotor目录1概述..........................................................11.1数字化转速测量系统的发展背景...............................11.2本设计课题的目的和意义....................................12转速测量系统的原理与方法......................................22.1转速测量原理...............................................22.2转速测量方法...............................................23系统方案提出和论证............................................43.1方案设计...................................................43.2系统原理...................................................44系统硬件设计..................................................54.1转速信号采集..............................................64.2光电转换及信号处理电路设计.................................74.2.1整形驱动电路设计......................................84.3单片机AT89C51介绍.........................................84.4最小系统的设计..........................................104.4.1复位电路设计.........................................104.4.2晶振电路设计.........................................124.5显示部分电路设计..........................................135系统软件设计.................................................155.1主程序初始化.............................................155.2主程序流程图子程序流程图..................................155.3系统总程序................................................16总结............................................................20参考文献.........................................................21致谢............................................................221概述1.1数字化转速测量系统的发展背景目前国内外测量电机转速的方法很多，按照不同的理论方法，先后产生过模拟测速法(如离心式转速表、用电机转矩或者电机电枢电动势计算所得)、同步测速法(如机械式或闪光式频闪测速仪)以及计数测速法。计数测速法又可分为机械式定时计数法和电子式定时...
