目录绪论···························································2I.1课题设计的目的及其意义·································2I.2超声波测距仪的设计思路·································3I.3课题设计的任务和要求···································4第1章课题的方案设计与论证·······································51.1系统整体方案的设计·····································51.2系统整体方案的论证·····································5第2章系统的硬件结构设计··································62.1单片机的功能特点及测距原理·····························62.2超声波发射电路·········································82.3超声波检测接收电路·····································92.4超声波测距单片机最小系统设计···························10第3章系统软件的设计········································113.1超声波测距仪的算法设计·································113.2主程序流程图···········································123.3超声波发生子程序与超声波接受中断程序···················14第4章系统的软硬件的调试········································15总结····························································18参考文献··························································19附录A超声波测距电路原理图附录B程序清单绪论Ⅰ.1课题设计目的及意义Ⅰ.1.1设计的目的随着科学技术的快速发展，超声波将在测距仪中的应用越来越广。但就目前技术水平来说，人们可以具体利用的测距技术还十分有限，因此，这是一个正在蓬勃发展而又有无限前景的技术及产业领域。展望未来，超声波测距仪作为一种新型的非常重要有用的工具在各方面都将有很大的发展空间，它将朝着更加高定位高精度的方向发展，以满足日益发展的社会需求，如声纳的发展趋势基本为：研制具有更高定位精度的被动测距声纳，以满足水中武器实施全隐蔽攻击的需要；继续发展采用低频线谱检测的潜艇拖曳线列阵声纳，实现超远程的被动探测和识别；研制更适合于浅海工作的潜艇声纳，特别是解决浅海水中目标识别问题；大力降低潜艇自噪声，改善潜艇声纳的工作环境。无庸置疑，未来的超声波测距仪将与自动化智能化接轨，与其他的测距仪集成和融合，形成多测距仪。随着测距仪的技术进步，测距仪将从具有单纯判断功能发展到具有学习功能，最终发展到具有创造力。在新的世纪里，面貌一新的测距仪将发挥更大的作用。Ⅰ.1.2设计的意义随着科技的发展，人们生活水平的提高，城市发展建设加快，城市给排水系统也有较大发展，其状况不断改善。但是，由于历史原因合成时间住的许多不可预见因素，城市给排水系统，特别是排水系统往往落后于城市建设。因此，经常出现开挖已经建设好的建筑设施来改造排水系统的现象。城市污水给人们带来了困扰，因此箱涵的排污疏通对大城市给排水系统污水处理，人们生活舒适显得非常重要。而设计研制箱涵排水疏通移动机器人的自动控制系统，保证机器人在箱涵中自由排污疏通，是箱涵排污疏通机器人的设计研制的核心部分。控制系统核心部分就是超声波测距仪...
