摘要随着世界经济一体化和贸易的自由化，知识产权壁垒作为新兴的非关税贸易壁垒，已经成为世界各国调整贸易利益的重要手段。随着我国经济的崛起、对外贸易出口的增长，越来越多的国家对我国设置名目繁多的非关税壁垒，国外跨国公司也越来越把知识产权作为直接投资的替代品，来获取垄断高额利润，知识产权壁垒正日益成为中国企业发展的又一障碍。近年来，青岛市家电业快速发展，加上低廉的人力资源成本，家电企业以低价为买点迅速地在全球市场上建立起以中国制造为代表的战略优势。但是，青岛家电出口企业在“走出去”范围不断扩大的同时，遭遇知识产权壁垒的案件在逐年递增。本文从论述知识产权壁垒的表现形式、特征和发展趋势开始，结合青岛市家电出口现状，分析了知识产权壁垒对青岛市家电出口贸易的影响，并提出宜于其自身生存发展的对策建议。关键词：知识产权壁垒；家电出口；现状；影响TheInfluenceandCountermeasuresoftheIntellectualPropertyRightsBarrierstoShandongExportsAbstract:Alongwiththedevelopmentofworldeconomicglobalizationandtradeliberalizationtrend,intellectualpropertyrightsbarriershasbecometheimportantmanagementofworldtradeadjustmentoftheinterestsasemergingnon-tariffbarriers.AsChina'seconomicrise,exportgrowth,moreandmorecountrieshavesetvariousnon-tariffbarrierstoourcountry,foreignmultinationalcompanyalsolettheintellectualpropertyrightsasthealternativeofdirectinvestmenttogethighprofits.IntellectualpropertyrightshaveincreasinglybeenbarriersofChineseenterprises.Inrecentyears,withtherapiddevelopmentofQingdaohouseholdelectricalappliancesandthelowlaborcost,thecompaniesofhouseholdelectricalappliancesquicklyareachievingthestrategicadvantageswhicharerepresentedby“MadeinChina”intheglobalmarket.WiththeexpandingscaleofQingdaohouseholdelectricalapplianceindustries,thecaseofthebarriersinintellectualpropertyhasbeenincreasing.Thispaperdiscussestheexpressionform,featuresanddevelopmenttrendofintellectualpropertybarriers,combinedwiththeexportsituationofQingdaohouseholdelectricalappliancesindustries,analyzestheinfluenceoftheintellectualpropertyrightofexporttradebarrierstoQingdaohouseholdelectricalappliancesindustriesandputsforwardsomeSuggestionswhichissuitableforitssurvivalanddevelopment.Keywords:IntellectualPropertyBarriersCharacteristic;Export;Situation；householdelectricalappliances;目录1引言................................................11.1问题的提出.............................................................................................11.2国内外研究现状.....................................................................................11.3研究内容与本文结构.............................................................................51.4研究思路与研究方法.............................................................................52知识产权壁垒概述....................................82.1知识产权壁垒的含义.............................................................................82.2知识产权壁垒的特征.............................................................................82.3知识产权壁垒的表现形式...................................................................112.4知识产权壁垒的发展趋势...................................................................133知识产权壁垒对青岛市家电出口企业的影响分析.........143.1青岛家电出口遭受知识产权壁垒的现状...........................................143.2知识产权壁垒对青岛市家电出口企业的影响...................................173.3知识产权壁垒案例——海信商标遭抢注.....................
