大学英语1Unti1孔子是中国历史上著名的思想家、教育家,是儒家学派(Confucianism)的创始人,被尊称为古代的“圣人”(sage)。ConfuciuswasagreatthinkerandeducatorinChinesehistory.HewasthefounderofConfucianismandwasrespectfullyreferredtoasanancient"sage".他的言论和生平活动记录在《论语》(TheAnalects)一书中。HiswordsandlifestorywererecordedinTheAnalects.《论语》是中国古代文化的经典著作,对后来历代的思想家、文学家、政治家产生了很大影响。AnenduringclassicofancientChineseculture,TheAnalectshashadagreatinfluenceonthethinkers,writers,andstatesmenthatcameafterConfucius.不研究《论语》,就不能真正把握中国几千年的传统文化。Withoutstudyingthisbook,onecouldhardlytrulyunderstandthethousands-of-years'traditionalChineseculture.孔子的很多思想,尤其是其教育思想,对中国社会产生了深远的影响。MuchofConfucius'thought,especiallyhisthoughtoneducation,hashadaprofoundinfluenceonChinesesociety.在21世纪的今天,孔子的学说不仅受到中国人的重视,而且也越来越受到整个国际社会的重视。Inthe21stcentury,ConfucianthoughtnotonlyretainstheattentionoftheChinese,butitalsowinsanincreasingattentionfromtheinternationalcommunity.Unti2每年农历(Chineselunarcalendar)八月十五是我国的传统节日——中秋节(theMid-AutumnFestival)。AccordingtotheChineselunarcalendar,August15ofeveryyearisatraditionalChinesefestival—theMid-AutumnFestival.这时是一年秋季的中期,所以被称为中秋。中秋节的一项重要活动是赏月。Thisdayisthemiddleofautumn,soitiscalledMid-Autumn.OneoftheimportantMid-AutumnFestivalactivitiesistoenjoythemoon.夜晚,人们赏明月、吃月饼,共庆中秋佳节。Onthatnight,peoplegathertogethertocelebratetheMid-AutumnFestival,lookingupatthebrightmoonandeatingmooncakes.中秋节也是家庭团圆的时刻,远在他乡的游子,会借此寄托自己对故乡和亲人的思念之情。Thefestivalisalsoatimeforfamilyreunion.Peoplelivingfarawayfromhomewillexpresstheirfeelingsofmissingtheirhometownsandfamiliesatthisfestival.中秋节的习俗很多,都寄托着人们对美好生活的热爱和向往。Therearemanycustomstocelebratethefestival,allexpressingpeople'sloveandhopeforahappylife.自2008年起,中秋节成为中国的法定节假日Since2008,theMid-AutumnFestivalhasbecomeanofficialnationalholidayinChina.Unti3中国航天业开创于1956年。China'sspaceindustrywaslaunchedin1956.几十年来,中国航天事业创造了一个又一个奇迹。Overthepastdecades,China'sspaceindustryhascreatedonemiracleafteranother.1970年,中国成功发射了第一颗人造地球卫星,成为世界上第五个独立自主研制和发射人造地球卫星的国家。In1970Chinalauncheditsfirstman-madeearthsatellite,rankingChinathefifthcountryintheworldtoindependentlydevelopandlaunchman-madeearthsatellites.1992年,中国开始实施载人航天飞行工程(mannedspaceflightprogram)。In1992Chinabegantocarryoutthemannedspaceflightprogram.2003年,中国成功发射了"神舟五号"载人飞船,使中国成为第三个发射载人飞船的国家。In2003ChinalaunchedShenzhou-5,amannedspaceship.ThesuccessfullaunchmadeChinathethirdcountrytolaunchmannedspaceships.2007年发射了"嫦娥一号",即第一颗绕月球飞行(lunar-orbiting)的人造卫星。In2007Chang'e-1,thefirstlunar-orbitingman-madesatellitewassenttospace.2013年,第五艘载人飞船"神舟十号"发射成功,为中国空间站的建设打下了基础。In2013Shenzhou-10,thefifthmannedspaceship,waslaunchedsuccessfully,layingthefoundationforbuildingtheChineseSpaceStation.Unti4郑和是中国历史上最著名的航海家(maritimeexplorer)。ZhenHewasthemostfamousmaritimeexplorerinChinesehistory.公元1405年,明朝的统治者为了稳固边防(borderdefense)...