现在分词和过去分词的用法区别（一）分词的作用·现在分词可用于：·①构成进行时。e.g.WearestudyingEnglish.·②当副词作状语。e.g.Thechildrencame,singinganddancing.·③当形容词作定语、宾补和表语。·e.g.Fallingleavesdancedintheair.·Isawmanybirdsflyingalongtheriver.·Thestoryisverymoving.·过去分词可用于：·①构成完成时。e.g.Theplayhadbegunwhenwearrivedthere.·②构成被动语态。e.g.Englishiswidelyspokenintheworld.·③当副词作状语。e.g.Seenhere,thecitylooksmorebeautiful.·④当形容词作定语、宾补和表语。·e.g.aboynamedTom·Isawthegirlkilledwithmyowneyes.·I’minterestedinEnglish.（二）现在分词与过去分词的两大差别1.在语态上：现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动。2.在时态上：现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成。（三）确定分词的使用的具体步骤（1）根据句子结构确定分词的语法成分（2）找准逻辑主语（3）判断主、被动关系（4）选定现在或过去分词1.Therewasaterriblenoise____thesuddenburstoflight.A.followedB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowed2.TheOlympicGames,____in776B.C.,didn’tincludewomenuntil1912.A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobeplaying3.What’sthelanguage____inGermany?A.speakingB.spokenC.bespokenD.tospeak4.Mostofthepeople____tothepartywerefamousscientists.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.inviting5.Thefirsttextbooks____forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written（四）分词作表语共同点：分词作表语时，它起着形容词的作用。不同点：分词作表语时，句子的主语就是该分词的逻辑主语。但现在分词作表语时，与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动关系，所示动作一般发生在谓语动词之前或同时发生。1.Thenewssounds____.A.encouragingB.encouragedC.encourageD.toencourage2.—HowdidBobdointheexamsthistime?—Well,hisfatherseems____withhisresults.A.pleasingB.pleaseC.pleasedD.toplease3.—Howdidtheaudiencereceivethenewplay?—Theygotvery____.A.exciteB.excitedC.excitedlyD.exciting（五）分词作宾语补足语共同点：分词在复合宾语中可作宾语补足语，对句子的宾语起补充或说明作用。不同点：分词作宾语补足语时，句子的宾语就是该分词的逻辑主语。但现在分词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动关系，所示动作一般发生在谓语动词之前或同时发生。1.Thenextmorningshefoundtheman____inbed,dead.A.lyingB.lieC.layD.laying2.—Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?—I’dliketohavethepackage____,madam.A.beweighedB.tobeweighedC.toweighD.weighed3.HeisnotgoodatEnglish,soitisnoteasyforhimtomakehimself______.A.understandB.understandingC.understoodD.understands4.Ifyouwaveyourbookinfrontofyourface,youcanfeeltheair____againstyourface.A.movedB.movingC.movesD.tomove（六）分词作状语共同点：分词作状语时，一般在句子中作时间、原因、方式或伴随等状语。不同点：分词作状语时，句子的主语就是该分词的逻辑主语。但现在分词作状语时，与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动关系，所示动作一般发生在谓语动词之前或同时发生。1.“Can’tyouread?”Marysaid，____tothenotice.A.angrilypointingB.andpointangrilyC.angrilypointedD.andangrilypointing2.____areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.A.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived3.ThevisitingMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalks,____thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.A.havingaddedB.toaddC.addingD.added4．Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands____behindhisback.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.to...
