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高中重难点解析之重难点解析之2013.9.9that/which辨析主语宾语定语指人Who/thatwhom/thatwhose（ofwhom）指物Which/thatWhich/thatWhose(ofwhich)指人和物thatthatwhose引导定语从句的关系代词Review先行词成分Which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Thecar（which）heisdrivingismadeinJapan.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.That指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.That和which都可以指物，均可在句中作主语和宾语。作宾语时均可省略，在很多场合中可以互换。共同点Themovie(which)Iwatchedlastweekmademecry.Themovie(that)Iwatchedlastweekmademecry.差别在一些较为特殊的场合中，which和that又具有各自的用法，不能混用。①当先行词为all,one,few,all,one,few,much,much,little,no,little,no,some,anysome,any等词，或等词，或everything,everything,anything,somanything,something,ething,nothing,nobody,nonenothing,nobody,none等不定代词时。如：☆（10湖北77）Mymotherwassoproudofall________（我所做的）thatsherewardedmewithatriptoBeijing.(do)答案：thatIhaddone只能用that的情况Which★（10全国Ⅱ16）Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething________wassomeoneelse’sfault.A.whoB.thatC.asD.whatWhich√★★★不定代词不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词的代词，英语中不定代词有：some（something，somebody，someone），any（anything，anybody，anyone），no（nothing，nobody，noone），every（everything，everybody，everyone），all，each，both，much，many，（a）little，（a）few，other（s），another，none，one，either，neither等。②当主句中先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等修饰时，一般只用that。如：Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.ThisisthelastplaythatIwouldliketowatch.③如果先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，关系代词常用that,不用which。如：TheTVtoweristhehighestbuildingthathasbeenbuiltinthiscountry.④当先行词被first,second等序数词修饰时,一般只用that。如：ThefirstgiftthatIreceivedwillbemybestmemory.ThisisthefifthnovelthatIhaveread.⑤当主句的先行词既指人又指物时，只能用that来引导。如：I’veneverheardofthepeopleandthingsthatyoutalkedaboutjustnow.⑥当主句中的先行词为疑问词who或which时，关系代词只能用that。如：Who_______youhaveeverknowncandothisjobbetter?WhichisthemachinethatweusedlastSunday?thatexercise1.Avictimisaperson,animalorthing______sufferspain,death,harm,etc.A.whichB.whyC.whenD.that2.Whoisthegirl____isstandingunderthetree?A.whenB.asC.thatD.which3.Everything____wesawinthisfilmwastrue.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whom4.Thefirstlesson____Ilearnedwillneverbeforgotten.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.as5.Heistheonlyperson___Iwanttotalkto.A.whenB.asC.thatD.which6.Thisisthebestplay____IhavewatchedonTVthisyear.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.why小结当主句中的先行词指物时，究竟是使用which还是that须根据具体情况而定。在大多数情况下，二者可以互换。但是在少数特殊情况下，它们有各自不同的用法，不能混淆使用。Which和that的辨析是常见考点，需要多加注意。