论著文章编号:100025404(2011)0920874204步兵摩托化进驻4300m高原半年内习服状况评价刘燕1,4,赵群2,王福领3,刘福玉4,罗勇军4,5,蒋春华4,5,李潇潇1,4,高钰琪4,5(400038重庆,第三军医大学高原军事医学系:卫生勤务学教研室1,高原医学教育部重点实验室,全军高原医学重点实验室4,病理生理学与高原生理学教研室5;266405山东青岛,92426部队卫生科2;859000西藏阿里,新疆军区阿里军分区医疗站3)[摘要]目的调查步兵摩托化进驻4300m高原1周至半年习服状况,分析影响习服的主要因素。方法整群抽取从海拔1400m驻地摩托化进驻4300m地区1周[109人,(19171±1.46)岁]、1个月[122人,(19.63±1.29)岁]和半年[127人,(20.45±1.60)岁]的步兵为研究对象,以平原士兵为对照[358人,(19166±1.55)岁]。测量脉搏(HR)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、最大摄氧量(VO2max)、血红蛋白(Hb),进行急性高原病症状评分,依据国家军用标准GJB4301-2002进行高原习服状况评价。结果从海拔1400m摩托化进驻4300m高原士兵1周初步习服者占84.40%;1个月基本习服者占90.16%;6个月达到完全习服者占88.98%。进驻高原1周和1个月未达到初步习服(15.6%)和基本习服(9.84%)的主要因素是HR和SBP高出标准规定的水平,进入高原半年后未达到完全习服标准(11.02%)的中主原因是Hb偏高,其中2人(1.57%)发生红细胞增多症(Hb≥210g/L)。HR:初步习服和基本初习服阶段均显著高于平原对照(P<0.05),完全习服阶段显著低于初步基习服和基本初习服阶段(P<0.05)。SBP:初步习服阶段与基本习服阶段显著高于平原对照(P<0.05),完全习服阶段显著低于对照、初步习服阶段与基本习服阶段(P<0.05)。DBP:各习服阶段均显著高于对照(P<0.05)。Hb:各习服阶段均显著高于对照(P<0.05),完全习服阶段显著高于初步习服阶段和基本习服阶段(P<0.05)。VO2max:基本习服组和完全习服组显著低于对照(P<0.05)。结论由1400m驻地摩托化进驻4300m高海拔地区士兵大多能较好地习服高原环境,在初步习服阶段应重点采取改善心血管功能的措施以提高习服水平,进驻较长时间(半年)则应着重预防高原红细胞增多症,并采取综合措施提升高原官兵健康水平。[关键词]高海拔;士兵;习服;评价[中图法分类号]R339.54;R821.2[文献标志码]A[基金项目]国家科技支撑计划(2009BAR85B01)[通信作者]高钰琪,电话:(023)68752331;E2mail:gaoy66@yahoo.comAltitudeacclimatizationformotorizedinfantryentering4300mareawithinhalfayearLiuYan1,4,ZhaoQun2,WangFulin3,LiuFuyu4,LuoYongjun4,5,JiangChunhua4,5,LiXiaoxiao1,4,GaoYuqi4,5(1DepartmentofHealthService,4KeyLaboratoryofHighAltitudeMedicineofMinistryofEducation,KeyLaboratoryofHighAltituteMedicineofPLA,5DepartmentofPathophysiologyandHighAltitudePhysiology,CollegeofHighAltitudeMilitaryMedicine,ThirdMilitaryMedicalUniversity,Chongqing,400038;2DepartmentofHealthService,No.92426TroopofPLA,Qingdao,ShandongProvence,266405;3MedicalStationofNgariMilitarySubcommandofXinjiangMilitaryCommand,Ngari,TibetAutonomousRegion,859000,China)[Abstract]ObjectiveToevaluatehighaltitudeacclimatizationofmotorizedinfantrywhoenteringanareaof4300mhighaltitudefor1weekto6monthsinordertoprovidereferenceofhealthserviceforhighlandtroops.MethodsAtotalof358motorizedinfantrieswhoenteredanaltitudeof4300mfrom1400mforabout1week(n=109,19.71±1.46yearsold),1month(n=122,19.63±1.29yearsold),andhalfayear(n=127,20.45±1.60yearsold)wereselectedbyclustersampling.Another358age2matchedmen(19.66±1.55yearsold)wasrandomlyselectedfromaplaintrooptoserveascontrol.Heartrate(HR),systolicbloodpressure(SBP),diastolicbloodpressure(DBP),maximaloxygenuptake(VO2max),hemoglo2bincontent(Hb),andacutemountainsicknesssymptomsweremeasuredorquestioned.Thenationalmilitarystandard(GJB4301-2002)wasadoptedintheevaluationofacclimatizationstatus.ResultsAmongthe109soldiersenteringfor1week,theprimaryacclimatization(PA)rat...
