Reflexive verbVIP专享VIP免费

ReflexiveverbIngrammar,areflexiveverbisaverbwhosesemanticagentandpatient(typicallyrepresentedsyntacticallybythesubjectandthedirectobject)arethesame.Forexample,theEnglishverbtoperjureisreflexive,sinceonecanonlyperjureoneself.Inawidersense,thephrasereferstoanyverbformwhosegrammaticalobjectisareflexivepronoun,regardlessofsemantics;suchverbsarealsoreferredtoaspronominalverbs,especiallyingrammarsoftheRomancelanguages.Therearelanguagesthathaveexplicitmorphologytotransformaverbintoareflexiveform.Englishemploysreflexivederivationidiosyncratically,asin"self-destruct";RomancelanguagesdothesamewiththeGreek-derivedprefixauto-.Inmanylanguages,reflexiveconstructionsarerenderedbytransitiveverbsfollowedbyareflexivepronoun,asinEnglish-self(e.g.,"Shethrewherselftothefloor.")及物動詞+反身代名詞（反身動詞reflexiveverbs）（注意：以反身代名詞為賓語的句子，不能改成被動。）例句：Weenjoyedourselvesverymuch.（不可改為：Ourselvesareverymuchenjoyedbyus.）Heabsentedhimself(=wasabsent)fromschoolyesterday.Shepridesherself(=isproudof)onhersuccess.Hedressedhimself(=isdressed)inuniform.Theyseatedthemselves(=wereseated)onthesofas.Iaccustomedmyself(=wasaccustomed)togettingupearly.Shedevotedherself(=wasdevoted)tomusic.---------------------------------------------------------------------------英語主要的反身動詞(reflexiveverbs)包括：enjoyoneself「享樂」absentoneselffrom「缺席、不到」prideoneselfon(upon)「以．．．自豪」dressoneselfin「穿著」seatoneselfon「坐在」accustomoneselfto「使自己習慣於」devoteoneselfto「獻身於」availoneselfof「利用」applyoneselfto「集中精力做」associateoneselfwith「與．．．為伍」possessoneselfof「擁有」prepare(oneself)for「準備」engage(oneself)in「從事」avengeoneselfon「向．．．報仇」interestoneselfin「對．．．感到興趣」amuseoneselfwith「以．．．自娛」submitoneselfto「服從」subjectoneselfto「使自己遭受」commitoneselfto「承諾、負責」breakoneselfoff「戒除」（惡習）guard(oneself)against「防備」spendoneselfon「鞠躬盡瘁」helponeselfto「自己取用」presentoneselfbefore「出席、參加」behaveoneself(like)「守規矩（舉止、行為像．．．）」makeoneselfathome「自在、不拘束」pulloneselftogether「控制自己（的感情）」contentoneselfwith「以．．．滿足」反身代词的用法1.作动词或介词的宾语：经常在enjoy,teach,hurt,buy,introduce,seat,dress,express,amuse,behave等动词和by,for,to,of等介词后作宾语。如：HeisteachingherselfEnglish.她在自学英语。Shewastalkingtoherself.她自言自语。Helivesbyhimselfinthecountry.他独自住在乡下。2.作主语或宾语的同位语：主要起加强语气的作用，译作“亲自，本身，本人”。如：Didyoumakethecakeyourself?这蛋糕是你亲自做的吗?(yourself作主语you的同位语)Theworkitselfiseasy.这工作本身很容易。(itself作主语thework的同位语)DidyouseeMr.Wanghimself?你见过王先生本人吗？(himself作宾语Mr.Wang的同位语)3.作表语：在be,feel,look,seem等系动词后作表语，表示身体或精神状态处于正常。如：I’mnotmyselftoday.今天我感觉不舒服。Iamfeelingmyselfagain.我觉得健康如昔。4.用于一些简短的会话用语或固定说法中。如：Helpyourself!请随便吃吧！/请自己去取吧!Makeyourselfathome!别客气！Don’tupsetyourself!别自寻烦恼(fromwww.yygrammar)！Makeyourselfheard/understood.使你的话被人听得见/理解。5.反身代词还可以与某些介词连用，组成固定搭配：①byoneself：自己，一个人干Theymadethemachineallbythemselves.这机器完全是他们自己制造的。Thisisamachinethatworksbyitself.这是一部自动化的机器。②foroneself：替自己，为自己Shemadenocomplaintforherself.她没有替...