木质素脱甲基化改性及其应用的研究摘要随着石油、煤炭等资源不断被开采消耗,随着能源危机问题的日益严峻,开发化石能源替代品已刻不容缓。木质素作为天然高分子产物,在自然界中储量巨大,具有绿色环保、可再生的优点。因此,如果将工业生产过程副产物木质素转化为化工原料进行再生利用,不仅能够起到节约能源的作用,还可以避免工业废水排放带来的环境污染等一系列问题然而,由于木质素属于复杂的芳香化合物,结构特点复杂无定形,本身反应活性不高,高值利用率低,限制了其工业化应用。因此,从木质素的结构和性质入手,对其进行改性加工,将对工业生产的促进起到十分重要的作用。改性后的木质素不仅能提高利用率,还能实现木质素在高分子材料领域对石油原料的有效替代,降低对石油等不可再生资源的依赖。如何对其进行改性并高效利用,现已成为各大科研机构的重点研究课题。本文首先筛选不同的催化剂研究其对木质素改性的影响,并对改性后的木质素进行红外、核磁以及GPC表征;然后,使用改性后的木质素代替苯酚制备酚醛树脂胶,并对其性能进行表征,研究其与酚醛树脂胶黏剂在性能指标上的区别。关键词:木质素改性;脱甲基化;结构表征;树脂胶黏剂StudyonDemethylationModificationofLigninandIts1/23ApplicationABSTRACTWiththecontinuousconsumptionofoil,coal,andotherresources,astheenergycrisisbecomesmoreandmoresevere,thedevelopmentoffossilenergyalternativeshasbecomeanurgenttask.Asanaturalpolymerproduct,ligninhashugereservesinthenaturalworld,andithastheadvantagesofbeinggreenandrecyclable.Therefore,ifthelignin,aby-productoftheindustrialproductionprocess,isconvertedintochemicalrawmaterialsforrecycling,itwillnotonlybeabletosaveenergybutalsoavoidenvironmentalpollutioncausedbyindustrialwastewaterdischarge.However,becauseligninbelongstocomplexaromaticcompounds,itsstructuralcharacteristicsarecomplexandamorphous,itsreactivityisnothigh,anditshighvalueislow,whichlimitsitsindustrialapplication.Therefore,startingfromthestructureandpropertiesofligninandmodifyingitwillplayaveryimportantroleinthepromotionofindustrialproduction.Themodifiedlignincannotonlyimprovetheutilizationrate,butalsocaneffectivelysubstituteligninforpetroleumrawmaterialsinthefieldofpolymermaterialsandreducedependenceonnon-renewableresourcessuchaspetroleum.Howtomodifyitanduseiteffectivelyhasbecomeakeyresearchtopicformajorscientificresearchinstitutions.Thisarticlefirstscreensdifferentcatalyststostudyitseffectonmodificationoflignin,andperformsFT-IR,1HNMRandGPCcharacterizationonthemodifiedlignin.Then,themodifiedligninisusedinsteadofphenoltomakephenolicresin.Itsperformancewascharacterizedandthedifferencebetweenitsperformanceandphenolicresinadhesivewasstudied.Keywords:Ligninmodification;Demethylation;Structuralcharacterization;Resinadhesives目录2/231绪论………………………………………………………………………………………11.1木质素的分类……………………………………………………………………………11.2木质素的物理性质………………………………………………………………………………..11.2.1颜色……………………………………..…………………………………………………11.2.2溶解度……………………………………..…………………………………………………21.2.3相对分子质量……………………………..…………………………………………………21.2.4相对密度…………………………………..………………………………………..………21.3木质素的化学性质……………………………………………………………………...…………21.3.1木质素的结构…………………………...…………………………………………………31.3.2主要官能团..…………………………...………………………………………...