:、非谓语动词的结构形式不定式动名词分词现在分词过去分词一般式一般被动式完成式完成被动式进行式完成进行式非谓语动词的结构形式不定式动名词分词现在分词过去分词一般式tododoingdoingdone一般被动式tobedonebeingdonebeingdone完成式tohavedonehavingdonehavingdone完成被动式tohavebeendonehavingbeendonehavingbeendone进行式tobedoing________完成进行式tohavebeendoing________非谓语动词在句中所作的成分成分动词形式主语宾语表语定语状语补语不定式动名词现在分词过去分词非谓语动词不定式，动名词作宾语的比较非谓语动词1.不定式，现在分词，过去分词作宾补的用法2.不定式，现在分词，过去分词作定语的用法3.不定式，现在分词，过去分词作状语的用法一.不定式、现在分词、过去分词作宾补的区别现在分词作宾补和宾语在逻辑上有主动关系，强调动作在进行。1.Isawhimfallingoffhisbikejustatthatmoment．(看到他时他正从自行车上掉下来。)2.Hefoundhimselflyingonthegroundwhenhecametohimself．(当他苏醒过来时他发现自己正躺在地上。)不定式作宾补和宾语在逻辑上有主动关系，强调动作的过程。注意：如果宾语补足语是一系列的动作，通常只能用不定式来表示，不用动词的-ing形式。1.Isawhimfalloffhisbikeandhurthisleftleg．(看到他从自行车上掉下来，并且摔伤了腿。)表全过程。2.Isawhimentertheroom,sitdownandlightacigarette.过去分词作宾补和宾语在逻辑上有被动关系。1.Iheardmynamecalledbysomeone．(我听到我的名字被叫，myname和called是被动关系。)2.whenIopenedthedoor,Ifoundthegroundcoveredbyfallenleaves.省省toto的不定式作宾补：的不定式作宾补：宾补省宾补省toto记记1111,,一感二听三使役一感二听三使役;;五五看一帮两均可看一帮两均可,,被动该被动该toto不能弃不能弃..11感感feel,2feel,2听听hear,listento,3hear,listento,3使役使役have,let,have,let,make,5make,5看看see,lookat,notice,observe,watch,1see,lookat,notice,observe,watch,1帮帮helphelp1.Weoftenseethemplayfootball;1.Weoftenseethemplayfootball;2.Theyareoftenseen2.Theyareoftenseentotoplayfootballplayfootball3.Theteachermadehimstandoutsidefortwohours.3.Theteachermadehimstandoutsidefortwohours.4.Hewasmade4.Hewasmadetotostandoutsidefortwohoursstandoutsidefortwohours非谓语动词作宾补1.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_____.A.nottoB.nottodoC.nottoitD.donottoA为了避免重复，常用省略形式to来代替前面动作。如：Wouldyouliketovisitourschool?Yes,I’dliketo.2.Pauldoesn’thavetobemade_____.Healwaysworkshard.A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning3.Themissingboyswerelastseen_____neartheriver.A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.toplay4.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee_____thenextyear.A.carryoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryoutBAC二.不定式、现在分词、过去分词作定语的区别动词不定式作定语通常放在被修饰的名词后面。1.Thepoorchildrenneedsomethingtoeat．它和被修饰的名词有时有动宾关系。2.Therearesomebooksforyoutoread．(可看成：toreadsomebooks)3.I'dliketogetsomethingtodrink．(可看成：todrinksomething)如果这个作定语的不定式是一个不及如果这个作定语的不定式是一个不及物动词，注意不可忽略不定式短语中的物动词，注意不可忽略不定式短语中的副词或介词。副词或介词。1.Ineedapentowritewith．(可看成：towritewiththepen)2.Shenowhasnothingtoworryabout．(可看成：toworryaboutnothing)不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语时在时态和语态上有区别不定式作定语表示将来的动作。Thebridgetobebuiltnextmonthisthethirdbridgeacrosstheriver．现在分词作定语,doing表示正在进行,与被修饰词是主动关系；beingdone表示正在进行与被修饰词是被动关系。Thebridgebeingbuiltnowisthethirdbridgeacrosstheriver．过去分词作定语表示已完成或与先行词是被动关系...
