分子生物学adenine(A)腺嘌呤base碱基guanine(G)鸟嘌呤nudeotide核苷酸cytosine(C)胞嘧啶nucleoside核苷uracil(U)尿嘧啶thymine(T)胸腺嘧啶basepair碱基对phosphodiesterlinkage磷酸二酯键nucleosome核小体ribosome核糖体ribosomalRNA(rRNA)核糖体RNAtransferRNA(tRNA)转运RNAmessengerRNA(mRNA)信使RNAthecentraldogma中心法则semiconservativereplication半保留复制DNAdependentDNApolymerase依赖DNA的DNA聚合酶mitochondriaDNA线粒体DNAexonuclease核酸外切酶incorporation掺入helicase解螺旋酶DNAtopoisomeraseDNA拓扑异构酶singlestrandedDNAbindingprotein单链DNA结合蛋白gyrase旋转酶primosome引发体primase引物酶DNAligaseDNA连接酶origin起始点bidirectionalreplication双向复制replicon复制子leadingstrand领头链laggingstrand随从链Okazakifragment冈崎片段rollingcirclereplication滚环复制telomerase端粒酶nuclease核酸酶salvagepathway补救合成denovosynthesis从头合成uricacid尿酸inosine肌苷mutation突变dimer二聚体mismatch错配excissionrepairing切除修复recombinationrepairing重组修复reversetranscriptase逆转录酶integration整合ribozyme核酶DNAdependentRNApolymerase依赖DNA的RNA聚合酶codingstrand编码链templatestrand模板链coreenzyme核心酶holoenzyme全酶operon操纵子promoter启动子PribnowboxPribnow盒transactingfactor反式作用因子transcriptionalfactor转录因子sternloop茎环hairpin发夹primarytranscripts初级转录产物post-transcriptionalmodification转录后修饰hetero-nuclearRNAhnRNAsmallnuclearRNAsnRNAsplitgene断裂基因exon外显子intron内含子selfsplicing自我剪接translation翻译codon密码子initiationcodon起始密码terminationcodon终止密码code密码ribozymecycle核糖体循环adaptor转换器post-translationalprocessing翻译后加工interferon干扰素antibiotics抗生素anticodon反密码子releasingfactor释放因子wobblepairing摇摆配对degeneracy简并性signalpeptide信号肽secretoryprotein分泌性蛋白质elongationfactor延长因子streptomycin链霉素tetracycline四环素chloromycetin氯霉素puromycin嘌呤霉素cycloheximide防线菌酮promoter启动子lacoperon乳糖操纵子temporalspecificity时间特异性spatialspecificity空间特异性housekeepinggene管家基因constitutiveexpression组成性基因表达induction诱导repression阻遏operator操纵序列cis-actingelement顺式作用元件trans-actingfactor反式作用因子repressor阻遏物activator激活物catabolitegeneactivationproteinCAP分解代谢物基因激活蛋白attenuation转录衰减attenuator衰减子enhance增强子generaltranscriptionfactor基本转录因子zincfinger锌指transformation转化transfection转染transduction转导transposition转座transposon转座子recombination重组homologousrecombination同源重组clone克隆cloning克隆化copy拷贝geneticengineering基因工程restrictionendonulease限制性内切酶cloningrector基因载体plasmid质粒complementaryDNA，cDNA互补DNAmolecularmedicine分子医学genetherapy基因治疗genomicDNAlibrary基因组DNA文库signaltransduction信号转导hormone激素receptor受体secondarymessenger第二信使ligand配体guanylatebindingprotein鸟苷酸结合蛋白(G蛋白)adenylatecyclase腺苷酸环化酶proteinkinaseA蛋白激酶AcAMPresponseelement，CREcAMP应答元件proteinkinaseC蛋白激酶Ccalmoduline，CaM钙调蛋白tyrosine-proteinkinase，TPK酪氨酸蛋白激酶autophosphorylation自身磷酸化proteinphosphatase蛋白磷酸酶crosstalk交联对话生物化学1章randomcoil无规卷曲threonine苏氨酸motif模体valine缬氨酸zincfinger锌指结构leucine亮氨酸chaperon分子伴侣lysine赖氨酸tertiarystructure三级结构phenylalanine苯丙氨酸domain结构域methionine蛋氨酸fibronectin纤连蛋白histine组氨酸quaternarystructure四级结构arginine精氨酸subunit亚基tyrosine酪氨酸myoglobin肌红蛋白cysteine半胱氨酸...
