2018版高考数学大一轮复习第四章三角函数、解三角形第2讲同角三角函数基本关系式与诱导公式试题理新人教版基础巩固题组(建议用时:30分钟)一、选择题1.(2017·长沙模拟)已知α是第四象限角,sinα=-,则tanα=()A.-B.C.-D.解析因为α是第四象限角,sinα=-,所以cosα==,故tanα==-.答案C2.已知tanα=,且α∈,则sinα=()A.-B.C.D.-解析∵tanα=>0,且α∈,∴sinα<0,∴sin2α====,∴sinα=-.答案A3.=()A.sin2-cos2B.sin2+cos2C.±(sin2-cos2)D.cos2-sin2解析===|sin2-cos2|=sin2-cos2.答案A4.(2017·甘肃省质检)向量a=,b=(cosα,1),且a∥b,则cos=()A.-B.C.-D.-解析∵a=,b=(cosα,1),且a∥b,∴×1-tanαcosα=0,∴sinα=,∴cos=-sinα=-.答案A5.(2017·广州二测)cos=,则sin=()A.B.C.-D.-解析sin=sin=cos=.答案A6.(2017·孝感模拟)已知tanα=3,则的值是()A.B.2C.-D.-2解析原式======2.答案B7.已知sinα=,则sin4α-cos4α的值为()A.-B.-C.D.解析sin4α-cos4α=sin2α-cos2α=2sin2α-1=-.答案B8.(2017·西安模拟)已知函数f(x)=asin(πx+α)+bcos(πx+β),且f(4)=3,则f(2017)的值为()A.-1B.1C.3D.-3解析∵f(4)=asin(4π+α)+bcos(4π+β)=asinα+bcosβ=3,∴f(2017)=asin(2017π+α)+bcos(2017π+β)=asin(π+α)+bcos(π+β)=-asinα-bcosβ=-3.答案D二、填空题9.(2016·四川卷)sin750°=________.解析sin750°=sin(720°+30°)=sin30°=.答案10.已知α为钝角,sin=,则sin=________.解析因为α为钝角,所以cos=-,所以sin=cos=cos=-.答案-11.化简:=________.解析原式===1.答案112.(2016·全国Ⅰ卷)已知θ是第四象限角,且sin=,则tan=________.解析由题意,得cos=,∴tan=.∴tan=tan=-=-.答案-能力提升题组(建议用时:15分钟)13.已知sin(π+θ)=-cos(2π-θ),|θ|<,则θ等于()A.-B.-C.D.解析∵sin(π+θ)=-cos(2π-θ),∴-sinθ=-cosθ,∴tanθ=,∵|θ|<,∴θ=.答案D14.若sinθ,cosθ是方程4x2+2mx+m=0的两根,则m的值为()A.1+B.1-C.1±D.-1-解析由题意知sinθ+cosθ=-,sinθ·cosθ=.又=1+2sinθcosθ,∴=1+,解得m=1±.又Δ=4m2-16m≥0,∴m≤0或m≥4,∴m=1-.答案B15.sin21°+sin22°+…+sin290°=________.解析sin21°+sin22°+…+sin290°=sin21°+sin22°+…+sin244°+sin245°+cos244°+cos243°+…+cos21°+sin290°=(sin21°+cos21°)+(sin22°+cos22°)+…+(sin244°+cos244°)+sin245°+sin290°=44++1=.答案16.已知cos=a,则cos+sin=________.解析∵cos=cos=-cos=-a.sin=sin=cos=a,∴cos+sin=0.答案0