商业银行支持新型农业经营主体发展研究摘要伴随着中国农村经济的进展，尤其是中国共产党的第十八次工作报告提议要全面建设集约化、专业化、组织化、社会化相互结合的新型农业经营机制之后，新型农业经营主体表现了生机与活力，有了更加广阔的发展前景。新型农业经营主体相比于传统农村经营主体，其本身所具有的更加规模化、集约化、标准化的特点为获得更多贷款等融资需求提供了可能。但无论如何，新型经营主体融资业务仍属于农村金融的范畴，有着其与生俱来的弊病。在此基础上，本文着重分析了商业银行支持新型农业经营主体发展所面临的三大问题，包括银行贷款与新型主题融资需求在额度、期限上的不匹配，新型主体所具有的担保抵押物非标准化以及其经营管理状况的不规范与商业银行经营管理“三性”原则的冲突。同时，金融脱媒加剧了各商业银行的竞争，特别是对于规模较大但不具有国有银行背景优势的股份制银行来说，积极展开金融创新，拓展业务范围是求得生存甚至发展得更好的唯一途径。本文详细介绍并分析了中信银行上海分行创新贷款抵质押物，并结合政府信息平台、保险公司全程参与、贷款发放后续管理手段等方式，在极大降低信息不对称以及违约风险等基础上，拓展了商业银行的业务规模和范围，为新型农业经营主体发展提供了较低成本的金融支持。在此基础上，笔者提出对商业银行的相关措施建议：第一，要完善农村信用评价体系，降低逆向选择和违约风险。第二，要从贷款种类、规模以及期限上入手，强化信贷产品的创新。第三，跟进金融服务方式，更新对新型主体的金融服务设施，提高服务水平。第四，创新担保抵押制度，发展更多抵质押物种类，健全使整个担保抵押体系完善。关键字：农业新型经营主体，农村金融，金融创新ResearchonthedevelopmentofcommercialbankstosupportnewagriculturalmanagementAbstract:WiththedevelopmentofChina'sruraleconomy,especiallytheeighteenbigreportsofthepartyputforwardanewagriculturalmanagementsystemtobuildintensive,professional,organizationalandsocialcombination,newagriculturalbusinessentitiesshowinggreatvitality,usheredinavigorousdevelopment.Comparedwiththetraditionalruralmanagementsubjects,thenewagriculturalmanagementmainbodyhasthecharacteristicsoflarge-scale,intensiveandstandardized,whichprovidesthepossibilityofobtainingmoreloansandotherfinancingneeds.Butinanycase,themainbusinessofthenewfinancingbusinessisstillinthescopeofruralfinance,withitsinherentills.Onthisbasis,thispaperanalyzesthethreemajorproblemsofcommercialbankstosupportthedevelopmentofnewagriculturalbusinessentitiesfaced,includingbankloansandfinancingmodeldoesnotmatchthedemandintheamount,term,conflictnormsandcommercialbankguaranteemortgagenewbodyhasnonstandardizationandthestatusofitsmanagementbusinessthemanagementof"three"principle.Atthesametime,financialdisintermediationintensifiedthecompetitionamongcommercialbanks,especiallyforlargestate-ownedbanksbutdoesnothavethebackgroundadvantagesofjoint-stockbanks,activelycarryoutfinancialinnovation,expandthescopeofbusinessistheonlywaytosurviveanddevelopbetter.ThispaperintroducesandanalyzestheShanghaibranchofChinaCITICBankinnovationloancollateral,combinedwithgovernmentinformationplatform,theinsurancecompanyinvolvedinloanfollow-upmanagementmeans,greatlyreducestheinformationasymmetryandtheriskofdefaultonthebasisofexpandingthecommercialbankingbusinessscaleandscope,providefinancialsupportforlowthecostforthedevelopmentofnewagriculturalbusinessentities.Onthisbasis,theauthorputsforwardsomesuggestionsonthecommercialbanks:first,weshouldimprovetheruralcreditevaluationsystem,reduceadverseselectionanddefaultrisk.Second,fromtheloantype,sizeanddurationofthestart,strengthentheinnovationof...
