政府环境保护责任问题研究内容摘要环境责任是社会主体普遍意义上应尽的社会责任之一，国家、法人及其他组织和个人概莫能外。政府在现代社会中居于主导地位，政府应当对环境负责，这在现代社会已成常识。随着中国环境法治进程的推进，政府环境责任问题的重要性也日渐凸显。目前我国环境立法的数量不少，但对政府环境责任的规定还存在明显欠缺。《环境保护法》与相关法律法规的制定，在总体上体现出重政府环境权力轻政府环境责任，重政府环境主导轻公众环境参与，重对行政相对人的法律责任追究轻对政府的问责，这种情况己经严重影响了环境保护工作的进展，成为制约我国现代化建设与实施可持续发展的因素之一。政府环境责任的缺失导致政府公信力下降以及环境污染的顽疾久治不愈，使得研究政府环境责任存在理论价值与现实意义。笔者在我国政治体制和基本国情的基础上，分析我国政府环境责任制度及政府环境责任的实际履行情况，对比西方国家的相关立法与实践，指出我国现有政府环境责任规定存在的问题，提出完善政府环境责任的具体意见，希望能够对我国相关领域的立法和司法实践提供有益的参考。关键词：政府责任；公众利益；环境善治；行政问责制AbstractEnvironmentalresponsibilityconstitutesoneofthecompulsorysocialresponsibilitiesthatthewholesocietyshouldgenerallytake，coveringwidelyfromstates，legalpersons,organizationstoindividuals.Amongall，thegovernmentshouldtakethechargeofenvironmentalresponsibilityinviewofitsleadingpositioninthemodemsociety，whichhasalreadybecomeacommonacknowledgement.AccompaniedwiththeprogressofChineseenvironmentallegislation,thesignificanceofthegovernmentalenvironmentalresponsibilitybecomesmoreandmorenoticeable.Atpresent,relativelylargeasthequantityofenvironmentallegislationisinChina，thereexistsanobviousdeficiencyinthelegislationofgovernment’sliabilitytotheenvironment.AccordingtoEnvironmentalProtectionLawandotherrelatedlawsandregulationsingeneral，thegovernment’spowerontheenvironmentishighlightedwhileitsresponsibilityisneglected;thegovernment’sleadingroleishighlyemphasizedwhilethepublicparticipationisignored;theinvestigationfortheprivateparty’sresponsibilityisstrengthenedwhiletheaccountabilityofthegovernmentisoverlooked.Undersuchcircumstances，theimplementationoftheenvironmentalprotectionhasbeenseverelyaffectedandChina9Smodernizationandsustainabledevelopmenthavealsobeenrestricted.Consideringthegovernment'sdecreaseofcredibilitythatisresultedfromthedeficiencyofitsenvironmentalresponsibility,aswellastheinextricableproblemoftheenvironmentalpollution,thestudyofgovernmentalenvironmentalresponsibilityisbelievedtohavetheoreticalvalueandpracticalsignificance.Primarilyemployingempiricalanalysisandthemethodofcomparativestudy，thisdissertationattemptstoanalyzethegovernment'senvironmentalresponsibilitysysteminChinaanditsactualimplementationonthebasisofthenationalpoliticalsystemandfundamentalrealities.AcomparisonofbothlegislationandpracticebetweenwesterncountriesandChinawillbecarriedout,soastosearchouttheexistingproblemsofthecurrentgovernmentalenvironmentalresponsibilitysysteminChina.Thedissertationwillproposeseveralwaystoimprovethesystem,withtheintentiontosupplysomehelpfulreferencetothenationallegislationinthefieldsconcernedandintheactualjudicialpractice.Keywords:governmentsresponsibility;Publicinterest;Goodenvironmentalgovernance;AdministrativeAccountabilitySystem目录引言.....................................................................................................................1一、环境责任与政府环境责任...................................
