Reading and Junior English Reading Teaching ----principles, skills, stages and so onGunan Middle School Lifeng The Importance of Reading?• 阅读是一项基本的生活和学习技能。• 阅读是一种非常重要的语言输入途径。• 阅读是帮助学生学习并巩固词汇的有效途径。• 阅读是丰富知识，发展人际和提升自我的途径。 What is reading?• Reading is an active process, during which the reader tries to understand the meaning of a given text.• Reading is a process with three main stages: encounter and impact; understanding and familiarization; and analysis and interpretation.• Reading involves constantly guessing, predicting, inferring, understanding, checking, and asking oneself questions.• Reading is the ability to understand the written word, and respond to it in appropriate ways. How do people read? ‘Bottom-up’ approach （自下而上） ---- the reader builds up the meaning of a text on the basis of decoding smaller units: first words and phrases, then sentences and paragraphs, and finally working out the meaning of the whole text. 阅读者从最小的单位 -- 字母和单词识别开始，逐步弄懂较大的语言单位 -- 短语、分句、句子和语篇的意义，完成文本解码过程。依照这个模式，教师在教授阅读时，主要任务就是帮助学生解决语言障碍，即弄清词、短语和句子的意义。 How do people read? ‘Top-down’ approach （自上而下） ---- the reader uses his or her knowledge of the topic or of the text and makes predictions about what the text will contain, then these predictions are checked by reading and trying to understand the text. 阅读者在阅读过程中，是主动的参与者，他们并不是逐字逐句地去理解，而是结合自己的预测，在文章中找出有关信息来验证自己的预测。按照这个模式，阅读不但需要语言知识，而且需要有关客观世界的背景知识。 How do people read? ‘Interactive’ approach （交互补偿） ---- the reader uses bottom-up and top-down ways tog...
