加热炉温度控制系统设计说明

加热炉温度控制系统设计[摘要] 加热炉温度控制系统广泛应用于冶金、化工、机械等各类工业控制中，并且在国民经济中占有举足轻重的地位，本文介绍了一种基于单片机的加热炉温度控制系统。本系统以单片机 AT89C51 为核心，由温度检测、变送与转换电路、控制电路、显示电路、键盘电路、报警电路等组成。本系统通过热电偶温度传感器对温度进行实时检测、变送并通过 A/D 转换电路转换为数字信号送给单片机，单片机对温度数据进行数字处理并进行 PID 运算计算出控制量，来改变固态继电器的导通和关断的时间，从而改变加热功率实现对温度控制。其中键盘电路可以对温度进行预设；显示电路可以显示当前温度，直观易懂，让人一目了然；当炉温度过高或过低时，将会进行声光报警。该系统硬件成本低，控温精度较高，可靠性好，抗干扰，具有适合企业大规模生产的产品有用性。[关键词]加热炉； AT89C51； PID控制； 温度控制The Design of The Heating Furnace Temperature Control System[Abstract]The heating furnace temperature control system is widely used in metallurgy, chemical industry, machinery and other kinds of industrial control, and has play a decisive role in the national economy status, this paper introduces a kind of furnace temperature control system based on SCM.The AT89C51 microcontroller system as the core, by the temperature detection, transmission and conversion circuit, control circuit, display circuit, keyboard circuit, alarm circuit. The system through the thermocouple temperature sensor for temperature in real-time detection, transmission and conversion through the A/D is converted to a digital signal to the microcontroller, microcontroller for digital processing of temperaturedata and PID operations to calculate the control quantity, to change the solid state relay turn-on and turn-off time, thus changing the heating power of the temperature control. The keyboard circuit may be preset temperature; display circuit can display the current temperature, intuitive and easy ...