分娩恐惧测评、影响因素及应对策略的研究现状 医学专业VIP专享

分娩恐惧测评、影响因素及应对策略的研究现状 摘要】分娩是自然的生理过程，影响着产妇的生理、心理健康。分娩恐惧是分娩前产生的担心、焦虑甚至恐惧想要逃避的情绪，容易增加产后抑郁的风险。临床上分娩恐惧可通过相应的量表进行测评，找到分析其影响因素，采取相应的应对策略，从而缓解分娩压力。故本文对分娩恐惧测评、影响因素及应对策略的研究现状进行综述，旨在为临床上降低产妇不良情绪、降低剖宫产率，促进母婴健康提供参考。【关键词】产前恐惧；测评；影响因素；研究现状Research status of fear of childbirth evaluation, influencing factors and coping strategies 【Abstract】Childbirth is a natural physiological process, which affects the physical and mental health of pregnant women. Fear of childbirth is a kind of fear, anxiety and even fear to escape before childbirth, which is easy to increase the risk of postpartum depression. In clinic, fear of childbirth can be evaluated by the corresponding scale, the influencing factors can be found and analyzed, and the corresponding countermeasures can be taken to relieve the pressure of childbirth. Therefore, this paper reviews the research status of fear of childbirth, influencing factors and coping strategies, in order to provide reference for reducing the adverse emotions of mothers and promoting the health of mothers and infants.[Key words] antenatal fear; evaluation;influencing factors; research status分娩，是指自母体中作为新的个体出现；特指胎儿脱离母体作为独自存在的个体的这段时期和过程。分娩的全过程共分为 3 期，也称为 3 个产程[1-3]。第一产程，即宫口扩张期。第二产程，即胎儿娩出期。第三产程，胎盘娩出期，指胎儿娩出到胎盘排出的过程。分娩方式主要有自然阴道分娩和剖宫产分娩 [4]；自然阴道分娩是指胎儿发育正常，孕妇骨盆发育也正常，加上孕妇身体状态良好，同时在有安全保障的前提下，不给予人工干预手段，让胎儿经阴道娩出的分娩方式[5-6]，此方式的优点是对胎儿和产妇均没有多大损伤，并且产后恢复较快，并发症少，自然分娩的胎儿身体的协...