Module 3 Interpersonal Relationships -- FriendshipSection Ⅱ Grammar——动词ing 形式的完成式作状语和后接动词ing 形式或不定式的动词(词组)[语法图解][课文原句感知]①I was twelve and, having lost all my old friends, I felt shy and lonely at my new school
②Having been operated on the leg, he can't walk as usual
③Not having made adequate preparations, they put off the sports meeting till next Friday
④He often invited me to join his particular group, and as a result, I started getting/to get to know people
⑤I like lying/to lie on my back staring at the sky
⑥⑦⑧[语法领悟](1)以上句中,①~③句中的黑体部分在句中作状语,④~⑧句中黑体部分在句中作宾语
(2) 由 ① ~ ③ 句 可 知 , 动 词 ing 形 式 的 完 成 式 为 having_done , 否 定 式 为not_having_done,完成被动式为 having_been_done
(3)④⑤ 句中,动词ing 形式与不定式作宾语意义相差不大
⑥ (a , b)⑦(a , b)⑧(a , b) 句中,动词ing 形式与不定式作宾语意义区别很大,其中⑥ a 句中作宾语的动词ing 形式的动作已经发生,⑥ b 句中作宾语的动词不定式的动