“后解构主义”叙事图式的绘制

“后解构主义”叙事图式的绘制 摘 要：解构主义叙事理论在 20 世纪90 年代重新兴起之时，丹尼尔•潘代提 出了后解构主义叙事理论，掀起了一轮学界风波。对潘代的后解构主义叙事理论进行梳理可 以发现，潘代的后解构主义叙事理论固然有其可圈可点之处，但也存在理论评述不够深化、 根本概念的表述不严谨等缺陷。 关键词：丹尼尔•潘代；叙事学；后经典; 后解构主义 Abstract: When the narrati ve theory of deconstruction re emerged in the 1990s, Daniel Punday put forward h is narrative theory of post deconstruction, incurring new debates and disputes i n the academic field. A study of Punday’s post deconstructionist theory shows t hat although his theory has many merits, it has weaknesses. For example, his obs ervation of the theory is not deep enough, and the explanation of the fundamenta l concepts is not precise. The 1990s witnessed the renaissance of narratology, moving from the cl assical phase to the postclassical phase. When the narrative theory of deconstru ction was still in its prevalence, Daniel Punday initiated the theory of narrati ve after deconstruction, incurring as much debate as its dispute. This paper att empts to analyze Punday‘s theory of narrative after deconstruction, so as to she d much light upon its insights and blindness. Key words:Daniel Punday; narratology; post classical; post dec onstruction 一、引言 20 世纪 90 年代以来，学界出现了对叙事讨论兴趣的回归。作为对经典叙 事学的反思、创新和超越，后经典叙事学大兴其道、势头猛进。以至于美国着名叙事学家戴 卫•赫尔曼在其主编的《复数的后经典叙事学：叙事分析新视野》一书中，开篇惊呼：“叙 事讨论领域里的活动出现了小规模但确凿无疑的爆炸性局面”15，因为“物 质性”其实是主体在试图制造一个稳定牢固的客体的过程中体现出来的，它不是客体自身固 有的特性。换言之，客体、主体和物质性 3 者间的动态关系决定了任何对后解构主义叙事的 讨论必须从它与物质性的密切关系入手...