词的秘密实义动词:及物动词+宾语(后面必须加宾语才能使句意完整)不及物动词(不能直接加宾语 or 可以不加宾语,加宾语时要加介词)We arrived at the railway station at noon。 (at 不能省去) arrive: 不及物动词We reached the railway station at noon。 reach:及物动词Everybody listened to the lecture with great interest。 (to 不可省去) listen:不及物动词We all heard the lecture。 hear: 及物动词She came last week。 come: 不及物动词He bought an English dictionary。 buy: 及物动词双宾语:及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 She taught us maths. 她教我们数学. My mother gave me a new pen。 母亲给了我一支新钢笔。 常用的能接双宾语的及物动词有:give, teach, buy, lend, find, hand, leave, sell, show, read, pay, make, offer, build, pass, bring, cook 等。助动词:帮助实义动词形成谓语结构。助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用 He is swimming. (is 是助动词;is swimming 是谓语)He doesn’t like English。(doesn't 是助动词,无词义;like 是实义动词动词,有词义;doesn’t like 是谓语) 助动词常用的有哪些呢?(1) am, is, are ,was ,were,(帮助变进行时态,帮助变被动语态)(2) do ,does, did (帮助句子变疑问句,否定句,强调谓语动词作用)(3)has ,have (帮助句子变现在完成时态作用)(4) had ,(帮助句子变过去完成时态,以及虚拟语气倒装)(5) will ,shall, be going to(帮助句子变一般将来时态)(6) would ,should (帮助句子变过去将来时态)a. 表示时态,例如:He is singing. 他在唱歌。 He has got married. 他已结婚。 b。 表示语态,例如: He was sent to England。 他被派往英国. c. 构成疑问句,例如: Do you like college life? 你喜爱大学生活吗? Did you study English before you came here? 你来这儿之前学过英语吗? d. 与否定副词 not 合用,构成否定句,例如: I don’t like him。 我不喜爱他。 e. 加强语气,例如: He do know that。 他的确知道那件事。 情态动词:表示人对某种行为的情绪或态度(能/可能/应该/必须)情态动词后必须加动词原形can (could), may (might), must,...