[高等教育]语言学课件chapter6languageandcognition

Chapter SixLanguage and Cognition1. What is Cognition? 什么是认知？ Mental processes of an individual, information processing Mental process or faculty of knowing, including awareness, perception, reasoning, and judgment.2Three approaches to the study of language and cognition: The formal approach: addresses the structural patterns, including the study of morphological, syntactic, and lexical structure. The psychological approach: looks at language from the perspective of general cognitive systems ranging from perception, memory, attention to reasoning.PSYCHOLOGICAL LINGUISTICS心理语言学 The conceptual approach: addresses how language structures (processes & patterns) conceptual content.COGNITIVE LINGUISTICS 认知语言学32. Psycholinguistics4 Psychological aspects of language Psychological states and mental activity with the use of language Language acquisition, language production & comprehension The relationship between language and thought Structural linguistics Cognitive psychology Anthropology NeurosciencesRelated fields5Language acquisition (L1 / L2)Language comprehensionLanguage productionLanguage disordersLanguage and ThoughtNeurocognitionSix subjects of research62.1 Language Acquisition7 Language acquisition: one of the central topics in psycholinguistics All normal humans speak, no nonhuman animal does. Children’s acquisition of language has received much attention. Scholars kept diaries of children’s speech for their research data. Holophrastic stage (from two months to a year) Language’s sound patterns Phonetic distinctions in parents’ language. One-word stage: objects, actions, motions, routines.8Two-word stage: around 18 monthsPurposeRequestRequestInformingWarningWarningBraggingNamingChildMature speaker...