题型组合训练四（A）阅读理解阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。A(2018江西质检)TheUSpresidentDonaldTrumphaspopularizedthephrase“fakenews”.ButnottoolongagothesewordsincombinationwouldhavemeantlittletoeverydayEnglishspeakers.AnatolyLiberman,aGerman,writesabouttheoriginsoftheword“fake”.Theword,itturnsout,hasaverydarkpast.Thebestguessathow“fake”becamethemainstream,arguesLiberman,isthatitwasakindusedbythievesintheLondonunderworld.But“howitgotthere,nobodyintheworldknows,andprobablynobodywilleverknow,”hetellsQuartz.LibermanisaprofessorattheUniversityofMinnesotaandtheauthorofWordOriginsandHowWeKnowThem.Hewritesthatearlyrecordsof“fake”asanEnglishadjectiveappearedaroundthemiddleofthe18thcentury.Thewordlikelycomesfromcant,orthiefjargon(行话).TheOEDmentions“fake”asaverbstartingin1819,whichbasicallymeant“todo”injargon,butalso“tokill,wound,orrob”.Anentryfromadictionarythatyearreads:“Tofakeanypersonorplace,torobthem;tofakeapersonmayalsoimplytoshoot,wound,orcut;tofakeamanoutandout,istokillhim.”LibermantracesthewordnexttoCharlesDickens,whoused“cly-faker”,where“cly”meanspocket,inOliverTwist.Thisishowhebelievestheknowledgeof“fake”asawordthatmeanstosteal,spread.EventuallyitbecameacommonplaceEnglishword.1.Theunderlinedword“fake”inParagraph1probablymeans.A.lyingB.trueC.commonD.interesting2.WhatcanwelearnaboutAnatolyLiberman?A.Heisskilledinsomeforeignlanguages.B.HeisinterestedinalltheEnglishwords.C.HelivedinEnglandforalongtime.D.HelikeswritingarticlesinEnglishverymuch.3.Whatismainlydiscussedinthispassage?A.ThehistoryofEnglishwords.B.SomestoriesaboutEnglishwords.C.TheimportanceoftheEnglishword“fake”.D.TheoriginsofanEnglishword.4.Whatcanweinferfromthispassage?A.WemustfocusonthewordsofDonaldTrump.B.WeshouldstudyEnglishwordsverycarefully.C.“Fake”likelycomesfromwordsusedbyaclassofpeople.D.AnatolyLibermanlikestotracethecommonplaceEnglishwords.答案[语篇解读]美国总统特朗普使得“假新闻”这个词成为流行词。文章探讨了“fake”这个词的起源。它曾是伦敦底层社会里小偷之间的行话,意为“做”“杀死”“偷”等。1.A词义猜测题。美国总统特朗普使得“假新闻”一词成为流行词。由此可知,fake的意思应为“假的”,故选A项。2.A推理判断题。由第三段中的“LibermanisaprofessorattheUniversityofMinnesotaandtheauthorofWordOriginsandHowWeKnowThem.”可知,Liberman是明尼苏达大学的教授,也是WordOriginsandHowWeKnowThem一书的作者。且在文中他探索了fake一词的起源。由此可以推知,他非常擅长外语。故选A项。3.D主旨大意题。由文章第二段中的“AnatolyLiberman,aGerman,writesabouttheoriginsoftheword‘fake’.”和下文的具体介绍可知,文章探讨了“fake”这个词的起源,也就是探索一个英语单词的起源,故选D项。4.C推理判断题。由第二段中的“Thebestguessathow‘fake’becamethemainstream,arguesLiberman,isthatitwasakindusedbythievesintheLondonunderworld.”可知,Liberman提出,关于“fake”一词如何成为主流词,最可靠的猜测应该是,它曾是伦敦底层社会里小偷之间的行话,也就是社会某一阶层的人使用的语言,故选C项。B(2018课标全国Ⅰ)GoodMorningBritain’sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.AndtheGoodMorningBritainpresentersaysshe’sbeenabletoputalotofwhatsh...
