地下管道超声检测系统硬件设计摘要无损检测是指在不损害或不影响被检测对象使用性能,不伤害被检测对象内部组织的前提下，利用材料内部结构异常或缺陷存在引起的热、声、光、电、磁等反应的变化，以物理或化学方法为手段，借助现代化的技术和设备器材，对试件内部及表面的结构、性质、状态及缺陷的类型、性质、数量、形状、位置、尺寸、分布及其变化进行检查和测试的方法。超声检测就是无损检测技术其中的一种应用以往的管道检测和探伤技术在测量精确性方面有着很大的缺陷，现在随着科学技术和经济的发展，对石油、化工行业存在的大量地下管道必须要有更加精确的检测技术，在这样一种环境和背景下，超声检测就慢慢出现在人们的视野中。本设计采用STM32单片机对超声波探头传回的数据进行处理分析再通过蓝牙传输给单片机，实现在线采集数据的功能。本设计经过机械结构的构想，原理图的设计和对上位机程序的设计，基本能达到很好的控制效果。在地下管道中行驶的检测系统通过前端的减速电机旋转使三个超声探头都能很好的检测信号，转动一周是为了确保检测的信号完整性，不遗漏每一处管道的信息。关键词：无损检测；超声；单片机Thehardwaredesignofundergroundpipelineultrasonic1testingsystemAbstractNondestructivetestingisamethodoftestingandchecking.Itcannotdamageoraffectthefunctionofthetestingobjectanditcannotruinstheinternalsofobject.Usetheunusualorbugofinternalstructure,causedbyheat,sound,light,electricandmagnetic,withphysicalorchemicalmethodsorwithusingadvancingtechnologyandequipment,ittestssomethingweneed.Alsoitcheckandtestobeject’sstrcture,properties,status,type,quality,quantity,shape,location,size,distribution,changeandsoon.Ultrasonictestingisoneofthemethodsofnondestructivetesting.Longago,thepipelinetestinganddetectionofdefectshavealotofbugs.Butnowwiththedevelopmentofthetechnologyandeconomy,itmustbemoreaccuratelyintesting.Soultrasonictestingiscoming.ThisdesignuseSTM32microcontrollertodealwiththedataandtransmitthedatatocomputerbytheBluetooth.Thisisthefunctionofonlinedatacollecting.Thedesignofmechanicalstructure,schematicdiagramanduppermonitor,theyallachievebettercontroleffect.Drivingintheundergroundpipelinedetectionsysteminfrontofthegearmotorrotatethroughthreeultrasonicprobecandetectsignalwell,rotationaweekistoensuresignalintegritydetection,itcandetecteverypipelineinformation.KeyWords:Nondestructivetesting;ultrasonic;microcontroller目录2引言...............................................................................................................................................8第1章绪论......................................................................................................................................91.1国内外研究背景介绍.........................................................................................................91.2整体设计思路....................................................................................................................9第2章理论基础及设计原理........................................................................................................102.1设计需要的理论基础.......................................................................................................102.2超声检测系统基本原理...................................................................................................102.2.1超声波介绍............................................................................................................102.2.2超声检测..............................................................................
