双向可控远程制备三维量子态 电气工程遥感技术专业VIP专享VIP免费

摘要:量子作为现代物理学的重点研究对象，其相关领域的应用也受到极大关注。以量子信息科学进行说明，该学科融合的是量子力学和现代信息科学两门举足轻重的学问。量子信息科学最核心的研究方向是量子通信，以及量子计算。现代社会对通信的速度和质量（保密性、清晰度等）要求日渐提高，而量子通信的优势越来越被人们发掘到，其深层次领域的突破或许会为时代带来巨大的转机，因而这方面的研究十分有价值。本文提出了一种以六粒子三维纠缠态为量子通道的三维系统BCRSP的新方案。在此方案里，Alice和Bob同时作为发送方和接收方，一个发送方(如Alice)想在另一个发送方(如Bob)的站点上远程制备单粒子赤道量子态(SQES)，且另一个发送方Bob同样想在Alice的站点上远程制备另一个SQES，该过程由控制者Charlie控制进行。最后的结论证明，只有当控制者同意和两个发送方互相协作时，它们（两个发送者）通过恰当的幺正运算，才可以制备出所需的量子态。关键词:双向控制远程态制备，三维系统，六粒子三维纠缠态，单粒子三维投影测量1Abstract：QuantumInformationScience(QIC)isanewsubjectcombinedwithQuantumMechanicsandInformationScience.Foritsgreatappliedpotentialinmanyfields,QuantumInformationhasreceivedmoreandmoreattention.Inthispaper,anewschemeofBCRSPisproposed,whichusessixparticlethree-dimensionalentangledstateasquantumchannel.Inthisscheme,AliceandBobarebothsenderandreceiver.Onesender(suchasAlice)wantstopreparesingleparticleequatorialquantumstates(SQES)remotelyatthesiteofanothersender(suchasBob),andtheothersenderBobalsowantstoprepareanotherSQESremotelyatAlice'ssite.TheprocessiscontrolledbyCharlie.Thefinalconclusionshowsthatonlywhenthecontrolleragreestocooperatewiththetwosenders,they(thetwosenders)canproducethedesiredquantumstatethroughproperunitaryoperation.Keywords:Bidirectionalcontrolledremotestatepreparation,three-dimensionsystem,six-qutritentangledstate,single-qutritprojectivemeasurement1目录1引言........................................................................................................31.1量子通信的发展历史和现状.............................................................31.2远程制备量子态的研究现状和意义.................................................42.基础知识...............................................................................................52.1量子纠缠.............................................................................................52.2EPR效应和Bell基测量.....................................................................63建立六粒子三维量子纠缠信道............................................................73.1三粒子纠缠态.....................................................................................73.2六粒子纠缠态.....................................................................................84三维系统中的双向控制的量子态远程制备........................................94.1构建测量基矢.....................................................................................94.2投影测量...........................................................................................104.3幺正操作...........................................................................................105验证......................................................................................................115.1结果...................................................................................................115.2讨论...................................................................................................12结论........