大学与社会的服务关系(英文版)VIP免费

AssignmentTitles:ShouldUniversitiesservesocietyandinwhatwayscanthisachieved?Abstract:Thispaperexploredthequestionwhetheruniversitiesshouldservesociety.Bythereviewingofuniversitydevelopinghistoryandanalyzingsomesupporttheories,thepositiveanswerhasbeengiven.Thentheapproachesforimprovingthisservicehavebeenproposedintwosides;oneisimprovinguniversities'functionssuchasindividualeducationandpubliceducation;theothersideisthepolicysupportfromsociety.Introduction:Asapartofhumansociety,universityhasplayeddifferentrolessinceithappened.Ithasbeenreportedthatinthehistory,universityhasdistanceditselffromhumansocietybutsometimesitkeptclosetothesocietyactivelyoreveninanultrawaysuchasrevolution.Intheotherwords,universityvariesitsassociationwithsocietybetweensocialandacademic.Nomatterwhichpositiontheuniversitywas,theinfluenceoftheuniversityonhumansocietyweresignificantandnonignorable.Somescholarssupportthatasanacademicinstitution,universityshouldnotservesocietybuttoconductresearchandacademicstudies.However,otherexpertsarguethatuniversitiesshouldservesocietyandcaterdemandsofsociety.Inmyposition,thisservicecanbeachieveddirectly.Forexample,trainingthemanpowerthesocietyneedorworkouttheunemploymentproblems.Alsoitcanbeachievedindirectlywhichmeanskeepacademic.Inthisessay,IwillprovemypositionbypresentingareviewoftherelationshipbetweensocietyanduniversityindifferenthistoryperiodandanalyzingtheGeneralsystemtheory(Bertalanffy,1968),AshbyaswellasMarx'stheories.ThenillustratemyideasandexamplesonhowuniversitiesservicecanbeachievedTheideaabouttheuniversity’sfunctionischanginganddeveloping.Inordertoexploringtherelationshipbetweenuniversityandsocietyweshouldbatebacktothehumanhistorytolookfortheassociationinthepast.IwillstartthisreviewfromtheschoolinancientGreekageandnextgothroughthemiddleAges,thenturntotheindustryrevolutiontimeandfinallyIwillfinishthisreviewatmodernage.Thisreviewisforexploringthechangeoftherelationshipbetweenuniversitiesandsocietyandlookingfortheevidencefromhistoricalperspectivetosupportthatuniversitiesshouldservehumansocietybecausethehistorypresentsacleartrendthatuniversitieshavestartedtoservehumansocietyandthisservicehasbecamemoreandmorepopular.Besides,thehistoryistruthandevidencewhichcouldnotbenegatedandignored."'Academy'and'Lyceum',whichestablishedbyPlatoandAristotlewerethemostsignificanthighereducationinstitutionsbeforeuniversitieshappenedinMiddleAges"(Bligh,1990.p24).In387BC,PlatoestablishedaschoolinAthenscalled‘Academy’.Itwastheoneoftheearliestwellknownhighereducationinstitutionsinthewesternworld.InthisschoolPlatoestablishedseveralsubjectssuchasarithmetic,geometry,psychologyandastronauticbasedonThePythagoreanspower.Unfortunately,Justinian(theemperoroftheEasternRomanempire)closeddown‘Academy’afterabout900yearssinceitwasestablished.However,itsexistencehashadasignificantimpactonhighereducationhistoryuptonow.Asahighereducationrepresentativeatthattime,theschoolofAcademyhaddistanceditselffromthetemporalsocietyandmainlyfocusontheTruthsuchasscience,philosophyandpsychology.Forthenextthe900years,'Academy'becamethecradleoftheTruth.OneofthegreateststudentsinthisschoolisAristotlewhowasthefounderoftheAristotleTheoryandhemadesignificantcontributiontophilosophyandsciencesuchasthetheoryofFormalLogicandGeocentricTheory.Inaddition,Universitiesestablishedinmedievaltimewerealmostbasedontheprinciple...