定语从句讲解正稿VIP免费

定语从句关系代词：that,which,who,whom,whose,as关系副词：when,where,why1.关系代词的省略问题关系代词在定语从句中作主语，不可以省略；作宾语则可以省略。①Thisisthemanwhohelpedmeyesterday.(作主语，不可省略)②Thisisthefactory(which/that)wevisitedlastyear.(作visited的宾语，可以省略)③Hereisthecoatwhich/thatwillbemadetoyou.这是一件做给你的衣服。（作主语）2.whose+N=the+N+ofwhom/which=ofwhom/which+the+N①Imetaboy,whosefatherwasanastronaut.=Imetaboy,thefatherofwhomwasanastronaut.②Thebookwhosecoverisverybeautifulismine.=Thebookofwhichthecoverisverybeautifulismine.3.关系副词的一般用法关系副词有when,where,why，在定语从句中作状语，分别表示时间、地点和原因。when的先行词通常是time,day,season,age,occasion等时间名词；where的先行词通常是place,city,village,house,case,situation,scenes,point等地点或情形名词；why的先行词只能是reason。关系副词when和where有时可用“介词＋which”代替，why可用forwhich代替。如：①Thereareoccasionswhen(=onwhich)youhavetotelllies.②Beijingistheplacewhere(=inwhich)Iwasborn.③Isthisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)herefusedouroffer?注意注意：先行词虽然是时间或地点，但若在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，要用关系代词。(1)Thefactorywherehisfatherworkedhasclosed.(作状语)比较：Thefactorywhich/thatwasbuiltin1978hasclosed.(作主语)(2)I’llneverforgetthedayswhenwelivedtogether.(作状语)比较：I’llneverforgetthedays(that)wespentinAustralia.(作及物动词spent的宾语)(3)Thereason(why)shewasillwasthatshehadeatenbadmeat.(作状语，用关系副词)比较：Thereason(that)hegaveforhisabsencewasobviouslymadeup.(作gave的宾语)4.as在定语从句中的用法(1)在限制性定语从句中，用在下列句式：（as在从句中作主，宾，表）so…as…such…as…thesame…that/as…(用as和that含义不同)①Sheissoniceagirlaswealllike.(定从)比较：heissoniceagirlthatwealllikeher.（结果状从）②Itissuchaninterestingbookasweallwanttoread.(定从)比较：Itissuchaninterestingbookthatweallwanttoreadit.（结果状从）③ThisisthesamepanasIlost.(定从；这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。)比较：ThisisthesamepanthatIlost.（定从；这本书就是我丢的那本。）(2)在非限制性定语从句中，as引导的从句放在主句之前和之后均可，具有“正如”之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如asyouknow/asyousee/asweplanned/asweexpected/asissaidabove/asiswellknown/asmightbeimagined/asisreported/ashasbeenpointed…①Asyouexpected,heturnedupontime./Heturnedupontime,aswasexpected.②Asissaidabove,hehasovercomethedifficulty.5.先行词为物，习惯上只用that不用which引导的定语从句1(1)当先行词是指物的不定代词all,little,few,much,any,anything,everything,nothing,something,none,theone时，或先行词被all,little,few,much,any,every,no等修饰时。如：①Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.②Hewilltellyoueverythingthatheheardaboutit.③Thereislittleworkthatisfitforyou.注意：注意：当先行词是指人的不定代词all,any,few,one(s),anyone,everyone,those,people,he等时，只能用who。①Anyonewhoisoversixteenisallowedin.②Hewhohasamindtobeathisdogwilleasilyfindhisstick.(谚)欲加之罪,何患无辞。(2)先行词是序数词或最高级形容词时，或者先行词被序数词(包括last,next)、最高级形容词及theonly,thevery等修饰时。如：①ThisisthefirstfilmthatIhaveseensinceIcamehere.②Thisisthebestthathasbeenusedagainstpollution.这是用来防止污染的最好办法。③ThisistheverybookthatIamlookingfor.(3)先行词又有人又有物。如：Theyoftentalkaboutthepeopleandthethingsthattheyareinterestedin.(4)先行词本身是基数词。如：Hewrotemanybooks.Youcanstillseethethreethatareonshow.(5)当主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时，为了...