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第1页共45页编号：时间：2021年x月x日书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟页码：第1页共45页目录1焊接概述-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------41.1焊接的定义[1]------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------41.2焊接过程的物理本质[1]-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------41.3焊接方法的分类[2]-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------41.4常用焊接方法基本特点与应用[2][3]---------------------------------------------------------------------------------41.5焊缝符号[4]-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------41.5.1基本符号------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------41.5.2辅助符号-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------81.5.3补充符号--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------91.5.4焊缝尺寸符号--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------91.5.5指引线及说明（见表1-5-6）----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------91.5.6焊缝符号标注的原则和方法（见表1-5-7）--------------------------------------------------------------------------91.5.7常见金属焊接方法代号（见表1-5-8）---------------------------------------------------------------------------------91.5.8焊缝符号标注示例（见表1-5-9）------------------------------------------------------------------------------------92焊接设计-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------122.1材料选用-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------122.1.1母材材料选用-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------122.1.1.1钢结构对材料的要求[5]----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------122.1.1.2钢结构用钢的分类[5]----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------122.1.1.2钢结构用钢选用原则[5][6]----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------132.1.2焊接材料匹配[3][7][8][9][10][11]-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------162.2焊接方法的选用[12]----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------162.3焊接结构设计----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------182.3.1焊接应力[5][12][13]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------182.3.1.1焊接应力的特点和分类---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------182.3.1.2焊接残余应力对结构的影响---------------------------------------------------------------------------...