英文法律文书简明教程：缩写一、缩写Abbreviations规那么1、在正式写作中，应当防止使用缩写，除非有下述规那么2、规那么3和规那么4的情形。Informalwriting,oneshouldnotuseabbreviations,exceptasindicatedinrules2,3,and4below.例如：Incorrect:TheU.S.SupremeCourtheldthatthedefendant’srightshadbeenviolated.Correct:TheUnitedStatesSupremeCourtheldthatthedefendant’srightshadbeenviolated.Incorrect:ProfessorJonasmentionedseveralcitiesthathavedomestic-partnershipordinances,e.g.,NewYorkandSanFrancisco.Correct:ProfessorJonasmentionedseveralcitiesthathavedomestic-partnershipordinances,includingNewYorkandSanFrancisco.Incorrect:TheCourtannounceditsdecisioninthecaseonOct.12,1994.Correct:TheCourtannounceditsdecisioninthecaseonOctober12,1994.规那么2、假设一个缩写的应用已经特别普遍，在一般用法中已经取代了全称，那么可以使用缩写；但使用此缩写时不应该使用表示缩写的英文句号（.）。Whenanabbreviationhasbecomesocommonthatithassupplantedthefullnameincommonusage,onemayusetheabbreviation;however,oneshoulddosowithouttheuseofperiods.例如：Incorrect:TheN.A.A.C.P.wasthesubjectofaprofileonC.B.S.lastweek.Correct:TheNAACPwasthesubjectofaprofileonCBSlastweek.（注：NAACPabbr.NationalAssociationfortheAdvancementofColoredPeople(美国)全国有色人种协进会，CBSabbr.（美国）哥伦比亚广播公司(ColumbiaBroadcastingSystem)）However:ThedefendantinthecaseisR.J.ReynoldsIndustries,Inc.请留意，在上面的例子中，字母R和J后面的句号（.）应当保存，由于这个缩写所代表的含义并非广为人知。一般来说，如此的缩写应当使用全称；但是在上面的例子中不能用全称，由于缩写R.J.是公司注册名称中使用的。Noticethatintheprecedingexample,thepointsafterRandJshouldbeleftin,becausethemeaningoftheabbreviationisnotsufficientlywellknowntomostreaders.Ordinarily,onewouldreplacesuchanabbreviationwiththefullterms;however,onecannotdosointhiscasebecausethelegalcorporatenameinvolvedincludestheabbreviation.规那么3、当使用legalcitation时，一定要按照Bluebook（见译注）的要求来缩写。但在行文中提及法院时，不应用缩写。Whenwritinglegalcitations,alwaysusetheabbreviationsrequiredbytheBluebook.However,whenreferringtoacourtintext,donotabbreviate.Forexample:例如：Incorrect:TheIll.SupremeCourtrequiredthereturnofthechildtohisbirthmother.Smithsonv.Bettaglia,59Illinois2d73,180NortheastReporter2d754(1994).Correct:TheIllinoisSupremeCourtrequiredthereturnofthechildtohisbirthmother.Smithsonv.Bettaglia,59Ill.2d73,180N.E.2d754(1994).规那么4、当行文中涉及的公司在其注册名称中含有一个或多个缩写时，如R.J.ReynoldsIndustries,Inc.，应当保存缩写；不要把缩写所代表的全称全部拼出，除非公司的注册名称中已经全部拼出，如ExxonShippingCompany。这条规那么适用于所有的公司名称中，包括Co.，Corp.，Inc.和Ltd.。Whenreferringtoacorporateentitythathasoneormoreabbreviationsaspartofitslegalname,suchasR.J.ReynoldsIndustries,Inc.,leavetheabbreviationsinthename.Donotspellouttheabbreviationunlessthecorporationitselfspellsitout,whichsomedo(forexample,ExxonShippingCompany).Thisruleappliestoallofthevariousformsofcorporatedesignations,includingCo.,Corp.,Inc.,andLtd.例如：Incorrect:McDermottInternational,IncorporatedCorrect:McDermottInternational,Inc.参照：CrossReferences:TheBluebook:AUniformSystemofCitationsect;6(15thed.1991).译注：TheBluebook:AUniformSystemofCitation是HarvardLawReview结合ColumbiaLawReview,theUniversityofPennsylvaniaLawReview,andtheYaleLawJournal一起出版的关于如何援用法律文件和期刊的权威工具书，为法律学者和实务工作者所广泛使用。
