新概念英语第二册语法总结：非谓语动词之不定式1．定义：具有名词、形容词及副词性质并具有时态、语态变化。2．形式：（以do为例）主动语态被动语态一般时todotobedone进行时tobedoing完成时tohavedonetohavebeendone完成进行时tohavebeendoing3．用法：（1）用作主语：TospeakgoodEnglishisnoteasy.or:ItisnoteasytospeakgoodEnglish.（采用形式主语it以避免头重脚轻）Ittookmeanhourtodothework.（2）用作宾语：Shedecidedtotaketheexamination.Ihopetomeethimsoon.（3）宾语补足语：Theyexpectedustohelpthem.Hewantshissontostudyhard.金牌重点：不定式作宾补，如谓语动词是感官动词，使役性动词（see,hear,notice,watch,make,have,let...），则不定式符号“to”须省略，但在被动语态中不能省。Iheardthemsingintheclassroom.Imadehercleantheroom.ThegirlisheardtosinganEnglishsong.（4）用作表语：Toteachistolearn.Hisjobistosellcars.（5）用作状语，表示目的，结果：WecometoschooltostudyEnglish.（目的）=inordertoIhurriedtothestore,onlytofinditclosed.（结果）（6）定语：不定式短语作定语须位于名词之后。Heaskedforapieceofpapertowriteiton.=towriteitonthepieceofpaper.Thepoormanhasnohousetolivein.=toliveinthehouse.Haveyouanythingtodo?=todoanything4．不定式的时态意义：Sheseemstodanceverywell.（现在情况）Sheseemstobedancinginthedancinghall.（正在进行）Sheseemstohavedancedwell.（过去情况）Haswashappytohavebeenstayingwithhisuncle.（动作持续一段时间）5．不定式语态：Thedoctor[wrecommend]recommended[/w]himtoairtheroom.Thedoctorrecommendedtheroomtobeaired.Sheexpectsthepolicetofindherbicycle.Sheexpectsherbicycletobefoundbythepolice.Shefeltabitpuzzledashehadaskedhersuchaquestion.Shefeltabitpuzzledtohavebeenaskedsuchaquestion.6．不定式否定形式：nottodo...Hegotupearlyinordernottomissthetrain.测试精编1.Didyoufindout________thepieoutofoven?A.totakeB.havetakenC.whentotakeD.beingtaken2.Youwouldbeirritatedifyouwatchedthemail________onyourdeskeveryday.A.puttingupB.tobeputupC.topileupD.pileup3.WeshallsetJim________thepassage.A.explainingB.explainedC.toexplainD.explain4.Infact,shewouldratherleaveforSanFrancisco________inLosAngeles.A.tostayB.thanstayC.thanstayingD.thanhavestayed5.MadameCuriesisbelieved________theradium.A.discoveringB.havingdiscoveredC.tohavediscoveredD.todiscover（后设答案，大家不要偷看哦~(*^__^*)嘻嘻……）KEYS1.C2.D3.C4.B5.C
