新概念英语第二册语法总结:非谓语动词之不定式1.定义:具有名词、形容词及副词性质并具有时态、语态变化
2.形式:(以do为例)主动语态被动语态一般时todotobedone进行时tobedoing完成时tohavedonetohavebeendone完成进行时tohavebeendoing3.用法:(1)用作主语:TospeakgoodEnglishisnoteasy
or:ItisnoteasytospeakgoodEnglish
(采用形式主语it以避免头重脚轻)Ittookmeanhourtodothework
(2)用作宾语:Shedecidedtotaketheexamination
Ihopetomeethimsoon
(3)宾语补足语:Theyexpectedustohelpthem
Hewantshissontostudyhard
金牌重点:不定式作宾补,如谓语动词是感官动词,使役性动词(see,hear,notice,watch,make,have,let
),则不定式符号“to”须省略,但在被动语态中不能省
Iheardthemsingintheclassroom
Imadehercleantheroom
ThegirlisheardtosinganEnglishsong
(4)用作表语:Toteachistolearn
Hisjobistosellcars
(5)用作状语,表示目的,结果:WecometoschooltostudyEnglish
(目的)=inordertoIhurriedtothestore,onlytofinditclosed
(结果)(6)定语:不定式短语作定语须位于名词之后
Heaskedforapieceofpapertowriteiton
=towriteitonthepieceofpaper
Thepoormanhas