Attributiveclauses定语从句的讲解Introductiontoattributiveclauses&Relativepronouns:that,which,who,whom,andwhose1.Whataretheywearing?2.Canyoudescribetheteamusingattributives?1.Thegreenteam.2.Theteamingreen.3.Theteamwhoarewearinggreen.AttributivesAttributivesprepositionalphrase介词attributiveclause定语从句adjective,形容词AttributiveclausesAnattributiveclausemodifiesanouninthesamewaythatanadjectiveorprepositionalphrasedoes.e.g.Theteamwhoarewearinggreen.Theattributiveclausesareusuallyintroducedbyrelativepronounslikewhich,that,who,whomandwhose,orrelativeadverbslikewhere,whyandwhen.attributiveclause定语从句:修饰主句中名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。antecedent先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。relativepronoun&relativeadverb:引导定语从句的代词或副词叫做关系代/副词。Maryisastudentwhois21yearsold()()TheschoolwherehestudiedisinShenzhen.()()先行词先行词关系代词关系副词Intheattributiveclausestherelativewordsusuallyfunctionasthe:•subject主语•object宾语•predicative表语•attribute定语•adverbial状语AssubjectAssubjectTheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.TheboywhoissmilingisTom.TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.TheboywhohasaroundfaceisTom.TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.TheboywhositsinfrontofmeisTom.Thewomangotthejob.ThewomancanspeakRussian.ThewomanwhocanspeakRussiangotthejob.Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.Theteacherisfamous.Theteacherwhoisfamouswillgiveusatalk.AsobjectAsobjectThemaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.Theman(who)everyonelikesiskind.Thewomangotthejob.Wesawherinthestreet.Thewoman(whom)wesawinthestreetgotthejob.Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.Wemettheteacheryesterday.Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.Wesawthestudentjustnow.Heisthebestrunnerinourschool.Thestudentwhomwesawjustnowisthebestrunnerinourschool.AspredicativeAspredicativeJackusedtobealazyboy.Heisnolongeralazyboy.Jackisnolongerthelazyboythatheusedtobe.AsattributeAsattributeShehasabrother.Ican’trememberhisname.ShehasabrotherwhosenameIcan’tremember.AsadverbialAsadverbialTheschoolisinShenzhen.Hestudiedintheschool.TheschoolwherehestudiedisinShenzhen.关系代词的用法关系代词的用法关系代词who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语常可省略);whom指人,作宾语;whose指人,作定语;which指物,作主语,宾语,表语;that指人或物,作主语、宾语、表语;as指人或物,作主语,表语,as的作用接近who和which。(常用在thesame...as...as,such...as...,as...as...等结构中,as不能省略)以下情况,引导词用以下情况,引导词用thatthat,不用,不用whichwhich。。1.先行词为不定代词everything,something,nothing,anything或由few,little,much,all,only,thevery等修饰时,常用关系代词that来引导定语从句。如:thatthat和和whichwhichTheygotothenewspaper’sownlibrarytolookupanyinformationthattheyneed.他们到报社的图书馆去查找他们所需要的资料。ThisistheverybookthatIhavebeenlookingfor.这正是我在寻找的书。Theonlythingthatmattersistofindourwayhome.唯一要紧的事是找到回家的路。注意:当先行词指人时,偶尔也可用关系代词who。如:Iwastheonlypersoninmyofficewhowasinvited.我是我们办公室唯一被邀请的人。2.先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时,用关系代词that引导定语从句。如:Thefirstthingthatweshoulddoistoworkoutaplan.我们应该做的第一件事是订个计划。Newtonwasoneofthegreatestmenthateverlived.牛顿是世界上最伟大的人物之一。3.先行词同时指人和物时,用that。如:Wetalkedaboutthethingsandpersonsthatwesawthen.我们谈论了我们当时所见的人和事物。Lookatthemanandhisdonkeythatarewalkingupthestreet.瞧瞧那个沿街走过来的男...