Unit4EarthquakeGrammar---theattributiveclauses定语从句I.Sentencestranslation(EnglishintoChinese)1.Buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity,whothoughtlittleoftheseevents,wereasleepasusualthatnight.(Line8)2.ItwasfeltinBeijing,whichismorethantwohundredkilometersaway.(Line11)3.Ahugecrackthatwaseightkilometerslongandthirtymeterswidecutacrosshouses,roadsandcanals.(Line13)4.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorinjuredreachedmorethan400,000.(Line16)5.Then,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakewhichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstoneshookTangshan.(Line24)6.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.(Line32)7.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.(Line35)8.ThepowerfulearthquakeofTangshanhappenedinthecityofTangshan,HebeiProvinceonJuly28th,1976,whichcausedmorethan240,000deathsandthewholecitywasdestroyed.(BestEnglishP35)9.However,theycanwarnpeoplewholiveintheseareasbyprediction,inadvancetotakeprecautionsagainstsuchdisasters.(BestEnglishP35)II.Summaryoftherulesoftheattributiveclauses1.关系代词/副词关系代词/副词在从句中的成分所指代的先行词例句who/whom主语/宾语（可省）指人Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.Thisistheboy(whom/who)yousawyesterday.which主语/宾语指物/事Athingwhichwasbittertoenduremaybesweetto（可省）remember.that主语/宾语（可省）指物/事ThepandathatischosenDragonWarriorisbigandfat.指人Theythatknownothingfearnothing.whose定语（某…的）指人Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.指物/事Thebookwhosecoverisblueismine.when时间状语时间I’llneverforgetthedaywhentheearthquakehappened.where地点状语地点Thisistheplacewherewefirstmet.why原因状语原因Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedthebus.2．只用that不用which的情况当先行词是1）不定代词all,everything,anything,nothing,something,much,little,few,none,theone等时e.g.Youcantakeanyseatthatisfree.Weshoulddoallthatisusefultothepeople.2）被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等修饰时；e.g.Itistheonlythingthatwecando.3）是或被序数词thefirst/second/third…所修饰时；e.g.ThisisthefirstplacethatIwanttovisit.4）被形容词最高级所修饰时；e.g.ThisisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread.5）同时指人和事/物时；e.g.Wetalkedaboutthethingsandpersonsthatwewereinterestedin.6）主句以therebe开头时e.g.ThereisthematterthatIcando.3．只用which不用that的情况1）介词后2）逗号后，即非限定性定语从句中3）句中已经有that的时候e.g.Thatwhichisevilissoonlearnt.学坏容易。4．whose=the+名词+of+which/whom指“某人/物的”when=at/in/on等介词+whichwhere=at/in/on/from/to等介词+whichwhy=介词for+whichIII.Englishproverbs1.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。2.Thosewholiveinglasshousesshouldnotthrowstones.家居玻璃房，切忌乱扔石。（自己有弱点，勿揭他人短。）3.WheninRomedoastheRomansdo.（入乡随俗）4.HewhodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.不到长城非好汉。5.Hewhohasalazyhandhasanemptymouth.手懒饿肚皮。6.Hethatloseshishonestyhasnothing失去诚实就失去了一切7.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.自助者天助。8.Hewhodoesnotadvancelosesground.(=anyonewhodoesnotadvancelosesground.)逆水行舟，不进则退。9.HewholaughsonFridaywillweeponSunday.乐极必生悲。10.Theywhocannotdoastheywouldmustdoastheycan.事不由己，也需努力。IV.Translation(ChineseintoEnglish)我们这个单元学习的课文是关于地震的。地震前几天，会发生一些奇怪的现象，如变得反常的（abnormal）水井、动物、气候等。接着，一场突发其来却似乎使世界到了末日的大地震仅持续十几秒。这场大灾难使人们平静生活了多年的城市顷刻间成了一...
