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SentenceSentenceIIII英语句子种类与类型I、句子种类（按交际用途分）陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、therebe1、陈述句说明一个事实或陈述一个看法，有肯定式和否定式，语序是主语在前，谓语在后。肯定句Shearrivedearly.否定句Shehaven’tarrivednow.1)半否定句Ihardlyknowanythingaboutit.2)部分否定句与全否定句Idon’tlikeboththefilms.IlikeneitherCathynorMary.3)否定转移Idon’tthinkitwillbeverycoldtoday.(believe,expect,suppose,imagine)各种时态变否定句的方法：•八种时态由陈述句变成否定句时，陈述句中谓语含有助动词be,have(has),will(shall)的，就在助动词的后面加上not,一般现在时与一般过去时谓语动词不含助动词，则在动词前面加上don’t或doesn’t,didn’t。1.Uncleliuisafamousmusician.2.Theletterhasalreadybeensent.3.Mr.smithspokeatthemeetingyesterday.4.TheEnglishchildcanreadandwriteinChinese.5.Hegoestoschoolbybuseveryday.2、疑问句有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反义疑问句。1）一般疑问句用来询问一件事，答案通常是yes或no，注意语序。---Haveyoulockedthedoor?---Yes,Ihave.---No,Ihaven’t.---Willyoubefreetonight?---Yes,Iwill.---No,Iwon’tDoesshedothecleaning?---Yes,shedoes.---No,shedoesn’t.•Be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/表语+（其他）？肯定句变一般疑问句方法：•一调二改三问号WeshallvisittheGreatWallnextweek.变：ShallwevisittheGreatWallnextweek？一调二改三问号•一加二改三问号IusuallywatchTVonSaturdayevening.变：DoyouusuallywatchTVonSaturdayevening?一加二改三问号1.Iamamiddleschoolstudent?2.Ihavesomemoney.3.Annreturnedthebooktothelibraryyesterday.4.Wewenttothecinemalastnight.5.Hehasneverseensuchfinedrawings.将下列句子变成一般疑问句2）特殊疑问句疑问词有who,whom,whose,what,which,where,when,why,how等。（1）陈述语序疑问词作主语或主语的定语时，与陈述句的语序相同Whowasthefirstmaninspace?（2）倒装语序特殊疑问词+一般疑问句，即：特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/表语+其他Wheredidyougolastnight?1.MissGaoteachesusEnglish.2.Theyarelisteningtotheteachernow.3.Mysisteris15yearsoldthisyear,4.Shestoppedtalkingbecausetheteacherenteredtheclassroom.5.It’sseveno’clocknow.对划线部分进行提问：3）选择疑问句(1)以一般疑问句为基础Isheateacheroradoctororapoliceman?Isitrightorwrong?(2)以特殊疑问句为基础Whichdoyouprefer,teaorcoffee?Howshallwegothere?Bybusorbytrain?(3)ornot构成的选择疑问句Doyouwanttobuyitornot?Areyoureadyornot?比较下面句子：•Isheasingerorawriter?•Doesheorshedrawwell?•Canyouswimorskate?•Haveyouthreeorfourbooks?or的前后要对称4）反义疑问句问：+，-？或-，+？答：+，+.或-，-.构成：陈述句,简短疑问句（be/助动词/情态动词+代词）？1.Sheisyourteacher,isn’tshe?Yes,sheis./No,sheisn’t.2.LiLeigetsupatsixinthemorning,doesn’the?Yes,hedoes.No,hedoesn’t.•Sheisn’tyourteacher,isshe?•Yes,sheis.不，她是。•No,sheisn’t.是的，她不是。•Shecan’tswim,canshe?•Yes,shecan.不，她会。•No,shecan’t.是的，她不会。3、祈使句表达命令、要求、请求、劝告等1)Be型：Be+表语Bequiet,please.2)V型：行为动词+宾语Givemeahand,please?Standup,everybody!3)D型：Don’t+动词原型+其他Don’tmakeanynoise!4)L型：Let+宾语（第一、第三人称宾格）+动词原型+其他Letmetryagain.请让我……Let’sgo.让我们……Letusgo.让我们……（不包括说话者在内）Lethimbehereby10o’clock.让……加强语气Dotakecare!Doletmehaveanothertry.Neverforgetme!Neverjudgefromappearances!4、感叹句由what或how引导的，表示惊奇、愤怒、赞赏、喜悦等。Whatfineweatherwehavetoday!Whatbeautifulpicturestheyare!Howfoolishsheis!Whataheavyrainitis!感叹句的两种结构How+adj./adv.+主+谓a/an+adj.+可数名词的单数形式What+adj.+可数名词的复数形式adj.+不可数名词Fillintheblankswithwhata/an,whatandhow1.________hotday!2._______coldthewateris!3._______easybookitis!4._______oldthebikeis!5._________rainydayitis!6._______deliciousfood!7.______beautifultheflowersare!WhataHowWhatanHowWhataWhatHow5、THERE-BE表存在Thereisaclockonthetable.OncetherelivedakingcalledLear.Theregoesthebell!Thereusedtobeavillageatthefootofthemountain.