第38卷第3期2010年3月西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)JournalofNorthwestA&FUniversity(Nat.Sci.Ed.)Vol.38No.3Mar.2010不同菌株对苹果渣青贮饲料发酵效果的影响3肖健,来航线,姜林,薛泉宏,张海燕,吴超(西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100)[摘要]【目的】探讨接种3种不同菌株对苹果渣青贮饲料营养成分的影响。【方法】以3株乳酸菌(植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillusplantarum,R1)、马里乳杆菌(Lactobacillusacidipiscis,R11)、戊糖片球菌(Pediococcuspen2tosacous,R16))、1株酵母菌(产香酵母(Aroma2producingyeast,M5))及1株芽孢杆菌(蜡样芽孢杆菌(Bacilluscere2us,B2))作为供试菌种,以不添加菌种的苹果渣自然青贮为对照,设6个接菌处理(分别接种菌株R1、R11、R16、R1+M5+B2、R11+M5+B2和R16+M5+B2),研究不同处理对苹果渣青贮发酵过程中pH、供试菌株数量及各类营养成分含量的影响。【结果】混菌青贮模式下,微生物之间无明显的竞争或拮抗作用,均能良好生长,菌数可达到108～1010g-1;各处理的pH均可降至3.70以下,其中以处理1的pH降低最为明显,45d后其pH值达到3.50。青贮后苹果渣饲料营养水平高于鲜果渣,所有处理氨态氮含量均有一定增加,各混菌处理总氮含量均有不同程度的增加,其中以处理5最为明显,总氮含量增长了70%;各处理有机酸含量均有明显增长,尤其以处理1和处理2的增加量较为明显,增加量约为400%。【讨论】合理的乳酸菌和酵母菌配比,可以使乳酸菌在青贮过程中发挥主导作用,而且增加了饲料中的粗蛋白含量,提高了饲料品质,且混菌青贮优于单菌青贮。[关键词]乳酸菌;酵母菌;蜡样芽孢杆菌;苹果渣青贮;养分水平[中图分类号]S816.6;Q939.96[文献标识码]A[文章编号]167129387(2010)0320083206InfluenceofdifferentstrainsontheefficiencyofsilageapplepomacefermentationXIAOJian,LAIHang2xian,JIANGLin,XUEQuan2hong,ZHANGHai2yan,WUChao(CollegeofResourceandEnvironmentalScience,NorthwestA&FUniversityYangling,Shaanxi712100,China)Abstract:【Objective】Thestudyinvestigatedtheinfluenceofthreekindsofstrainsonsilageapplepomacenutrition.【Method】Threekindsoflactobacillus(Lactobacillusplantarum,R1;Lactobacillusaci2dipiscis,R11;Pediococcuspentosacous,R16),oneyeast(Aroma2producingyeast,M5)andonebacillusce2reus(Bacilluscereus,B2)wereusedastheteststrains.Sixtreatments(R1,R11,R16,R1+M5+B2,R11+M5+B2andR16+M5+B2)weresetwiththenaturalapplepomacesliageasthecontroltreatment.Theinfluenceofthenumberofmicroorganisms,pHandnutrientindexesindifferenttreatmentswasstudied.【Result】Theresultsshowedthatallofthemicroorganismscangrowwellwithnoobviouscompetitionorantagonismunderthemixedmodeandthebacteriumnumbercanreach108-1010pergram;pHdecreasedandlowerthan3.70inalltreatments,amongwhichtreatment1wasthelowestandreached3.50fortyfivedayslater.Thenutritionallevelsinsilageapplepomacewerehigherthanfreshapplepomace,theammonianitrogenwasincreasedobviouslyinalltreatments,andthecrudeproteincontentincreasedineverymixedmode,especiallyintreatment5,increasedby70%;Also,theorganicacidsincreaseddistinctly,thelactic3[收稿日期]2009208231[基金项目]国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD89B16);国家“十一五”科技支撑计划奶业专项(2006BAD04A11)[作者简介]肖健(1984-),男,甘肃陇西人,回族,在读硕士,主要从事微生物资源与利用研究。E2mail:xjxs163@yahoo.com.cn[通信作者]来航线(1964-),男,陕西礼泉人,副教授,博士,主要从事微生物生态和微生物资源与利用研究。E2mail:laihangxian@163.comacidintreatment1and2increasedmoreobviously,bynearly400%increase.【Conclusion】Withreasonableformulaoflactobacilluandyeast,notonlydidlactobacilluplaytheleadingrole,butalsothecrudeproteinwasincreasedandthefeednutritionwasenhanced.Thetreatmentofmixedbacteriawasbetterthansinglebacterium.Keywords:Lactobacillus;yeast;Baci...
