定语从句讲解（2）VIP免费

定语从句讲解（二）６．定语从句必须跟在先行词后面.as从句例外1.Theypassedthevillagewherehisgrandparentslived.2.Abookstoreisastorethatsellsbooks.先行词/被修饰词在前修饰句首句中句尾1.Asisknowntoall,TaiwanisapartofofChina.2.Taiwan,asisknowntoall,isapartofofChina.3.TaiwanisapartofofChina,asisknowntoall.不要了他们经过了住着他们祖父母的那个村庄.修饰修饰汉语与英语中定语的位置正好相反定语从句在后书店就是售书的店.修饰As从句who指人,是主格,在从句中作主语1.Thewomanwhoistalkingwithhimisadoctor.2.Whereisthemanwhowashere?正在和他交谈的那位妇女是医生.刚才在这儿的那个人现在在哪儿?从句中作主语从句中作主语3.Idon’tknowthegirlswho____(be)fromtheNo.2middleschool.arewho的单复数取决于先行词whom指人,是宾格,在从句中作宾语,可以省略1.Theyoungwriter(whom)wevisitedlastweekhasleftforParis.who可以代替whom也可以说:TheyoungwriterwhowevisitedlastweekhasleftforParis.因此，此句共有三种说法从句中作宾语介词可以放在whom前面,这时whom不可省略,who不能做介词宾语Thewoman(whom/who)youspoketoisourclassteacher.Thewomantowhom/towhoyouspokeisourclassteacher.2.That’stheman(whom/who)youshouldpayattention(？)漏了to,(whom/who)是payattentionto的宾语请翻译:你和她讲话的那位妇女是我们的班主任.又如:昨天我和他一起回家的那个男孩是约翰.(五种说法)TheboywhomIwenthomewithisJohn.TheboywithwhomIwenthomeisJohnTheboyIwenthomewithisJohn.TheboywhoIwenthomewithisJohn错to.TheboythatIwenthomewithisJohn.that可以指人3.Theteacheryousawhimintheparkteachesphysics.()saw的宾语是whom,这里省略了,him多余说出其他三种正确的说法:whose是所有格,“……的”,指人,也指物,可与ofwhich互换使用1.Theboywhosesisterisasingersingswell.2.Theclassroomwhosewindows(=thewindowsofwhich)facesouthislargeandbright.那个姐姐是歌唱家的男孩歌唱的很好.指人那个窗子朝南的教室又大又明亮.指物又:我借了一本红封面的书.(两种说法)1.Iborrowedabookwhosecoverisred.2.Iborrowedabookthecoverofwhichisred.无区别错More1whose+名词=the名词+ofwhichMore2which/that指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可以被省略1.Theball-penwhich/thatliesonthedeskismine.2.Thenecklace(which/that)shelostyesterdaywasagiftfromhermother.3.Heshowedmethepictureswhich/that_____(be)interesting.书桌上的圆珠笔是我的.(作主语,是单数)昨天她丢失的项链是她母亲给的生日礼物.(作宾语可以省略)werewhich/that指pictures因此复数只能用which时在介词后面,作介词宾语时只用whichThepenwithwhichhewrotetheletterwasexpensive.不能说withthat只能用that时1.代替who/whom,指人Whoisthegirlthatisstandingthere?which不能指人2.在从句中作表语Heisnottheman(that)hewasbefore.表语时不能用whoItwastheonlyschool(that)therewasthen.也不用which3.Who/Which问句中不能用thatWhichisthebook(that)youboughtyesterday?who见上例4.当先行词为something,anything,nothing,everything,littleall,much时1.Thereislittlethattheenemycoulddobesidessurrender.was的表语Those_____wanttogopleasestaybehind.those后只接whowho八种情况2.OnlyMr.Whitecouldunderstandall(that)shesaid.比较:Shetoldusallwhatshedidduringthesummervacation.all不做先行词,是us的同位语,what引导的是宾语从句3.I’msureshehassomething(that/which)youcanborrow.实际使用中something后面也可用which5.当先行词any,no,all,little,every,much,some被修饰时AlllittlenamesI’vereadallthebooksthatyoulenttome.注意:Anyonewhosmokesontheferrywillbefined.任何人在渡船上吸烟都将被罚款.指人时仍用who