语法专项之六Definition•虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式.一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等；二是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等1.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法2虚拟语气在名词性从句的用法3.虚拟语气在特殊句式中的用法虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用条件从句If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去未来过去式(were)haddonewould/could/should/might+V.(原)would/could/should/might+havedone1.过去式2.should+V.(原)3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.(原)1.If引导的虚拟条件句1.IfIwereyou,I____buythehouserightnow.A.won’tB.don’tC.wouldn’tD.can’t2.Ifyou__________tomorrow,you_________findthenewmanagerworkingintheoffice.A.shouldcome;wouldB.wouldcome;wouldC.willcome;shouldD.comes;might3.Iftheparents______atthehospitalearlieraftertheaccident,thechildwouldhavebeensaved.A.arrivesB.arriveC.hadarrivedD.hasarrived1.Ifyou___________(take)myadvice,you___________________(fail)intheexam.hadtakenwouldn’thavefailed2.IfI______(be)you,I____________(accept)herinvitation.werewouldaccept3.Ifit______________________________(rain)tomorrow，themeeting___________(be)putoff.rained/shouldrain/weretorainwouldbe虚拟语气注意1：省略if的条件从句：用法：从句中有were,had或should时，省略if，而把它们放在句首。3.Ifyouhadnothelpedme，Ishouldhavefailed.2.Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotdothat.WereIyou,Iwouldnotdothat.Shouldhefailedintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.Hadyounothelpedme,Ishouldhavefailed.注意省略if后，句首不能出现动词的缩略形式，如：•Ifitweren’tforthehighexpense,IwouldgotoAmerica.•→Weren’titforthehighexpense,IwouldgotoAmerica.()•→Wereitnotforthehighexpense,IwouldgotoAmerica.()×√1.______Iyou,Iwouldgowithhimtotheparty.A.WasB.HadbeenC.WillbeD.Were2.Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor，you________better.A.areB.wereC.wouldbeD.wouldhavebeen虚拟语气注意2：错综时间条件句定义：从句与主句的动作发生的时间不同。Iftheyhadstudiedhard,theycoulddoiteasilynow.与过去相反与现在相反动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整．1.Ifyouhadlistenedtothedoctor,you_____allrightnow.A.areB.wereC.wouldbeD.wouldhavebeen2.如果以前你努力学习的话，你现在就会是大学生了．Ifyou_________(study)hardbefore,you_____________(be)acollegestudentnow.hadstudiedwouldbe虚拟语气butfor+n(要不是),without+n,otherwise(否则)，but+句子would/could/should/might+V.(原)would/could/should/might+havedone现在/将来过去•有时候假设的情况并不以条件句表示出来，而是暗含在上下文中，比如通过with,without,butfor,otherwise,or等词或短语来表示。注意3：含蓄条件句1.Butforyourhelp,we(make)suchrapidprogress.wouldnothavemade虚拟语气2.Withoutair,there_________(be)nolivingthings.wouldbe3.Thankstothebraveyoungman,otherwise,theboy______________(die).wouldhavedied虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用Wish+从句现在:过去时（were）过去:过去完成时(haddone)未来:would/could/might+V.(原)1.宾语从句（1）wish引导的宾语从句中：表示不可能实现的愿望。1.IwishI______abird.AisBwereCwillbeDare2.HowIwishthatI___themoonsometimeinthefuture.AhadvisitedBwouldvisitCvisitedDwillvisit三个建议四个要求insistorder,commandadvise,suggest,propose，demand,require,request,desire，虚拟语气两个命令一个坚持2.在表示建议，命令，请求的动词后的宾语从句中用虚拟语气，即“should+do”,should可以省略。这种用法的词有：1.Iadvisedthatyou___thejobassoonaspossible.AfinishedBfinishingCtofinishDfinish2Theworkersinthefactorydemandedthattheirpay___beraised.AshouldBwouldCmus...
