一．基本结构：助动词have/has+过去分词(done)二．句型：否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.简略答语:Yes,主语+have/has.(肯定)No,主语+haven't/hasn't.(否定)•三．用法•（1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果•Ihavespentallofmymoney(sofar).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)•Myfatherhasgonetowork.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿)•（2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用.•①for+时段•②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来）•③since+时段+ago•④since+从句（过去时）•⑤Itis+时段+since+从句（过去时）•Maryhasbeenillforthreedays.•Ihavelivedheresince1998.•Wehavebeenfriendssincetwoyearsago.•MygrandpahasbeendeadsinceIwasveryyoung.•It’sfiveyearssinceIlivedhere.•(3)hasgone(to),hasbeen(to),hasbeen(in)的区别•Have/Hasgone(to):去了(现在不在说话现场)•Have/Hasbeen(to):去过（已不在去过的地方）•Have/hasbeenin：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方）•Whereisyourfather？HehasgonetoShanghai.•MyfatherhasbeentoShanghai.•MyfatherhasbeeninShanghaifortwomonths.•四、现在完成时的标志•*以already,just和yet为标志Hehasalreadygotherhelp.他已得到她的帮助。Hehasjustseenthefilm.他刚刚看过这场电影。Hehasn'tcomebackyet.他还没有回来。•*以ever和never为标志ThisisthebestfilmIhaveeverseen.这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。HehasneverbeentoBeijing.他从没有到过北京。•*以动作发生的次数为标志HesayshehasbeentotheUSAthreetimes.他说他已经去过美国三次了。•*以sofar（到目前为止）为标志、以before为标志HehasgottoBeijingsofar.到目前为止他已到了北京。•Ihaveneverbeenherebefore.(之前我从没有来过这)•五．瞬间动词（buy,die,join,come，go,leave……）不能直接与for和since连用。要将瞬间动词变为延续性动词。•★1.have代替buy•Mybrotherhashad(不能用hasbought)thisbikeforalmostfouryears.•★2、用keep或have代替borrow•Ihavekept(不能用haveborrowed)thebookforquitea•fewdays.•★3、用be替代become•Howlonghasyoursisterbeenateacher?•★4、用haveacold代替catchacold•Tomhashadacoldsincethedaybeforeyesterday.•★5、用wear代替puton•Hehaswornthisclothesfortwoyears.•六、用“be＋形容词”代终止性动词•1、be＋married代marry•2、be＋ill代fall(get)ill•3、be＋dead代die•4、be＋asleep代fall(get)asleep•5、be＋awake代wake/wakeup•6、be＋away代leave•7、be＋open代open•8、beclosed代close/shut•9、be＋missing(lost)代lose•用“be＋副词”代终止性动词•1“be＋on”代start,begin•2“be＋up”代getup•3“be＋back(to)”代returnto,comebackto,gobackto•4“behere(there)”代come(arrive,reach,get)here或go(arrive,reach,get)there等等•用“be＋介词短语”代终止性动词•1.“bein/at+地点”代替goto/cometo•2.用beinthearmy代替jointhearmy•3.“bein/at+地点”代替movetoExcercise•1.A.用already或yet1)Havetheytakendowntheoldpictures___?•No,theyhaven’t____.2)Mostofushavefinishedourcompositions___.3)Hesaidhehadn’tvisitedtheexhibition_____.B.用since或for1)Wehavelearnedfivelessons___thebeginningofthisterm.2)MrsLiaohasbeeninhospital__lastweek.3)Ihavestayedatmyaunt’s___twoweeks.•C.用havegone或havebeen1)Wherearetheboystudents?They_____totheschoolfactory.2)Isyourfatherin?•No,he___toShenzhen.•_______heever______therebefore?•Yes,he___thereseveraltimes3)HeaskedmeifI___toHangzhoubefore.ItoldhimthatIwantedtogothereforavisitasI____never_____tothatcitybefore.选择填空•1.Mother__meanewcoatyesterday.I____iton.Itfitsmewell....
