GrammarGrammarsentences句子成份★句子一般由两个部分组成：主语部分（subjectgroup）谓语部分（predicategroup）★句子成份：主·谓·宾·表补定·状·Membersofsentence:S---subjectP---predicativeO---objectAttri.---attributeAdv.---adverbOc---objectcomplement主·宾·表补定·状·1)主语（subject）Ilikefootball.Theboyneedsapen.句子的主体，全句述说的对象。一般由担任,常置于句首。2)谓语（predicate）说明主语的动作或状态。由担任。常置于主语后。Thetrainleavesat6o’clock.Iwantaticket.,动词不定式,动名词或从句名词,主格代词动词(一）指出下列句中主语的中心词①Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.②Thereisanoldmancominghere.③Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.④Todotoday'shomeworkwithouttheteacher'shelpisverydifficult.(二).选出句中谓语的中心词①Idon'tlikethepictureonthewall.A.don'tB.likeC.pictureD.wall②Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.A.getB.longerC.daysD.summer③Doyouusuallygotoschoolbybus?A.DoB.usuallyC.goD.bus④Therewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.A.willbeB.meetingC.thelibraryD.afternoon⑤Didthetwinshaveporridgefortheirbreakfast?A.DidB.twinsC.haveD.breakfast⑥Tomdidn'tdohishomeworkyesterday.A.TomB.didn'tC.doD.hishomework⑦WhatIwanttotellyouisthis.A.wantB.totellC.youD.is⑧Wehadbettersendforadoctor.A.WeB.hadC.sendD.doctor⑨Heisinterestedinmusic.A.isB.interestedC.inD.music⑩Whomdidyougivemybookto?A.giveB.didC.whomD.book3)宾语（object）Hewonthegame.Onthedesk表示vt.的动作对象或prep.所联系的对象。由n.或相当于n.的词担任。置于vt.或prep.后。Tomelosthislifeinthebigfire.•(四)挑出下列句中的宾语•①Mybrotherhasn'tdonehishomework.•②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.•③Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.•④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?•⑤Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?4)表语（predicative）用以表述主语的特征、状态、身份等。由n.或adj.担任。置于系动词之后。Heisastudent.除了be系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词，1)表感官的动词:2)表转变变化的动词:3)表延续的动词feel,smell,taste,sound,look,appear,seem等。become,get,grow,turn,go,come,fall,等remain,keep,hold,stay,rest,stand等。(三)挑出下列句中的表语①Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.②WhyisheworriedaboutJim?③Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.④SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.⑤Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.5)宾补（objectivecomplement）补充说明宾语的情况。由n./adj./介宾/分词/不定式等担任。Theymadehimking.‹›Iconsiderthebooktooexpensive.‹›高考常考的宾补通常是考：使役动词感官动词后边跟复合宾语四周都很黑，但我能看见一个人躺在地板上，被绳子捆着。句中的lyingonthefloor为现在分词，作宾语补足语.使役动词let;make;have及感官动词hear;listento,see;notice;feel;watch;observe;lookat,以及find，catch等后面可接动词原形;现在分词及过去分词，考试一般考查宾补用do/doing/done的哪种形式。+动词原形强调动词与宾语之间存在主动关系及动作的全过程;+现在分词强调动作与宾语之间存在主动关系,及动作正在进行;+过去分词强调动作与宾语之间存在被动关系,及动作已经完成.如:1.Imustseemychildcrossthestreet.（cross与宾语mychild之间存在主动关系；且看到了cross的全过程）2.Isawthethiefstealinghermoney.(stealing与宾语thethief之间存在主动关系；且与saw同时发生。）3.Youwillseemanyproblemssettledinthisway.(settled与宾语manyproblems之间存在被动关系,且发生在see之前）•Note：•Letsb.dosth.•Findsb.doingsth./donesth.•Catchsb.doingsth.have,feel,hear;listento,see;notice;;watch;do/doing/doneobserve;lookat,1．Theteachermadetheboystanding...
