英语构词法2012年1月6日CatalogueWordFormation合成Compounding(有两个或更多的词合成一个词)派生DerivationintroductionPrefix前缀Suffix后缀转化Conversion(将一种词性转化成另一种词性)PracticeClassify:pathway/freedom/darkest/placeFrustration/lock/everyday/riverside/loneliest合成词(有两个或更多的词合成一个词):转化词(将一种词性转化成另一种词性):派生词(在词根上加上前、后缀构成另外一个词):everydaypathwayriversidefrustrationdarkestloneliestfreedomlockplace合成(Compounding)1.合成名词(1)n+nairconditionerbloodpressureincometaxcreditcard(2)adj+ncentralbankfastfood空调血压所得税信用卡中央银行快餐solarsystemremotecontrol(3)v-ing+另一词washingmachinedrivinglicense(4)其他方式by-producteditor-in-chief太阳系遥控洗衣机驾驶执照副产品主编2.合成形容词(1)过去分词或带ed词尾的词构成。absent-mindedgrey-haired(2)动词的ing或另一词构成long-sufferingfar-reaching心不在焉的头发灰白的长期受苦的深远的(影响)3.合成动词及合成副词overeatbaby-sitempty-handed吃得太多看孩子一无所获的派生词(derivation)•加前缀：happy---___happy•加后缀：develop---develop_____•既加前缀又加后缀：employ---___employ______unmentunment派生词(derivation)前缀意义例词un-不，未（=not)unhappy,unnecessary,unexpected,unusual,,相反动作uncover,untie,unlock,undressin-，il-im-，ir-不，非，无incomplete,impossible.impolite,irregular,inability,dis-表示否定dishonour,羞辱表示相反dislike,disbelievemis-表示错、误mistake,misfortune,不幸misunderstanding误解non-/no-表示否定Non-stop,non-smoker,non-existence,no-photo1.前缀:前缀意义例词re-表示：再一次，重新renew,续借reborn,rebuild,reappear,retellen-变动词，使得···Enrich,enable,endangermulti-表示多的Multicultural多文化的，Multimedia多媒体的，Multinational跨国的tele-强调距离Television,telescope望远镜kilo-千kilowatt（千瓦），kilometer（千米）前缀意义例词fore-表示：时间或位置的“在前面”foresee,foreleg,foretell预言,foreknow预卜pre-表示：在前、事先、预先prepay,prewar,preschool,prehistorypost-表示：时间和顺序的“在后边”post-war,post-graduateco-表示：联合、共同co-worker,coexistco-own,co-owneranti-表示对抗anti-gas，anti-slaveryinter-表示:“互相”、“在一起”interchange,internationalmid-表示：中间midday,midnightsuper-表示：高级、在之上superpower,超级大国，superstructure上层建筑2.常见的后缀1)名词后缀：-er-or-tion-ment-ity-ist-hood-ion请将以下单词和上列相应的后缀相连，组成新词：work,educate,develop,visit,satisfy,teach,sail,able,piano,art,child,act,brother,solute,conclude,move,possible后缀意义用法例词表示人-er从事…职业的人，做…的人，…地方的人加在动词、名词、形容词上teacher,workerlearner,-or与-er同义外来后缀，加在外来词上visitor,conductoreducator,translator-eer从事于...的人用于外来词engineer,volunteermountaineer-ess女...的加于名词后，表示阴性actress,waitress-ician...(专)家，...工作者加在以-ic结尾的名词或形容词上physician,politicianmusician-ist从事...职业的人，从事某种...文艺、学术的人，...主义者加在名词上，或–ize结尾的动词上，或以-al结尾的其它词上artist,socialistcommunistphysicist如下后缀可表示人或物，其中我们对表示人的情况进行细分-agemarriage,luggage,postage邮费-urefailure,temperature,pressure,pleasure,-itymajority,opportunity,-mentargument,statement,achievement,amusement,equipment-ismcommunism,criticism,internationalism,socialism-anceappearance,entrance,-domkingdom,wisdom,freedom-nesskindness,illness,brightness,selflessness,correctness-shipcitizenship,friendship,professorship,hardship,comradeship-hoodchildhood,brot...
