激光扫描共聚焦显微镜吴旭2008.10.14高级显微镜原理正置、倒置显微镜细胞遗传工作站活细胞工作站激光显微分离系统激光共聚焦显微镜概述激光扫描共聚焦显微镜(Laserscanningcoiifocalimcioscope,LSCM)生物医学领域的主要应用通过一种或者多种荧光探针标记后,可对固定的组织或活体样本进行亚细胞水平结构功能研究高空间分辨率、非介入无损伤连续光学切片、三维图像、实时动态等细胞结构和功能的分析检测……ConventionalfluorescencenucroscopeConfocalnucioscope历史1957年,MarvxnMinsky提出了共聚焦显微镜技术的某些基本原理,获得了美国的专利。1967年Egger和Petian成功地应用共聚焦显微镜产生了一个光学横断面。1977年Sheppard和Wilson首次描述了光与被照明物体的原子之间的非线性关系和激光扫描器的拉曼光谱学。1984年,Bioiad为公司推出了世界第一台商品化的共聚焦显微镜,型号为SOM-100.扫描方式为台阶式扫描。1986年MRC-500型改进为光束扫描,用作生物荧光显微镜的共聚焦系统。ConfocalnucioscopycomesofageJGWhite&WBAinos.Natiue32&183-184(09July1987Zeiss、Leica、Mendian、OlympusZeissLSM510激光扫描共聚焦显微镜ZeissLSM510META激光扫描共聚焦显微镜ZeissLSM510META激光扫描共聚焦显微镜NikonAIR激光扫描共聚焦显微镜PrauieUltimaIV活体双光子显微镜国家光电实验室(武汉)自制随机定位双光子显微镜LeicaTCSSP5激光共聚焦扫描显微镜基本原理相差、DIC常用荧光标记共聚焦原理Twowaystoobtaincontiastinlightmicroscopy.Thestainedpoitionsofthecellin(Areducetheamplitudeoflightwavesofparticularwavelengthspassingtluoughthem.Acoloredmiageofthecellistheiebvobtainedthatisvisibleintheoiduiaiyway.Lightpassingtluoughtheunstained,livingcell(Bundeigoesveiylittlechangeinamplitude,andthestmctuialdetailscannotbeseeneveniftheimageishighlymagnified.Thephaseofthelight,however,isalteredbyitspassagetluoughthecell,andsmallphasediffeiencescanbemadevisiblebyexploitinginteifeienceeffectsusingapliase-contiast01adifferential-inteiference-contiastliucioscope.D.Phase-contiast01adifferential-iiiteifeience-contiastmicroscopeFourtypesoflightnucioscopy.(ATheimageofafibioblastincultureobtainedbythesmipletransmissionoflighttlnoughthecell,atechmqueknownasbiight-fieldliucroscopy.Tlieotherimageswereobtamedbytecluiiquesdiscussedinthetext:(Bphase-contrastnucioscopy,(CNomarskidiffeiential-inteifeieiice-contiastnucioscopy,and(Ddaik-fieldnucioscopy.常用荧光探针PioteinsNucleicAcidsDNAIonspHSensitiveIndicatorsOxidationStatesSpecificOiganelles荧光显微镜原理明场:透射荧光:落射落射的优点:物镜的聚光镜作用使视场均匀,发射光强度高。激发光损失小,荧光效应高。共聚焦原理由于pniliole的存在,使得部分杂散光(虚线部分)没有被PMT探测器探测到,从而提高了成像效果。通过对样品在x-y方向上的逐点扫描,可以形成二维图像。如果调解焦平面在z方向的位置’连续扫描多个不同z位置的二维图像.则可以形成一个3D图像,3D的重建需要软件的支持。TheuniquescainmigmoduleisthecoieoftheLSM510META・Itcontainsmotonzedcollimators,scaimingmuioisandividuallyadjustableandpositionablepnilioles,andhighlysensitivedetectorsmcludingtheMETAdetector・Allthesecomponentsareanangedtoensureoptimumspecnnenilluminationandefficientcollectionofreflected01emittedlight.AhighlyefficientopticalgiatingprovidesanlimovativewayofseparatingthefluoiescenceemissionsintheMETAdetector・Thegiatmgprojectstheentirefluoiescencespectnunontothe32channelsoftheMETAdetector・Thus,thespectialsignatureisacquuedforeachpixelofthescannedullageandsubsequentlycanbeusedforthedigitalseparationmtocomponentdyes.分光镜组件结构共聚焦构成•光学显微镜•激光光源•扫描模块(包括共聚焦光路通道和针孔、扫描镜)•光检...