对外直接投资的制约因素与对策研究——以华为公司为例摘要本文着重从对外投资的制约因素角度为基本出发点，首先分析了国内外对外投资研究现状，进而提出我国对外投资特点，在此基础上从政府、经济、企业内部及东道国四方面深入分析我国对外投资的制约要素。采用华为公司这一世界500强企业为例，简要介绍了其对外投资状况。最终得出：我国目前企业对外投资现状为发展时间短、影响力较低、在发达国家投资比例小等；企业对外投资制约因素包括国内相关的政策和法规不健全、经济和科技水平较低，企业核心技术和项目信息缺乏以及东道国政治人文等；而对华为公司的投资现状分析可以看出，华为公司正在加快对外投资步伐，但其对外投资会受到东道国的影响。关键词：对外直接投资，制约因素，对策研究，华为公司IStudyonrestrictingfactorsandcountermeasuresofOFDI--takehuaweiasanexampleHengqiGuABSTRACTThispaperfromtheperspectiveofforeigninvestmentrestrictionfactorasthebasicstartingpoint,analyzestheforeigninvestmentresearchstatusathomeandabroad,putforwardChina'sforeigninvestmentcharacteristics,onthisbasis,fromthegovernment,economy,enterpriseinternalin-depthanalysisandthehostcountrytorestrictforeigninvestmentinChina.Takinghuawei,oneoftheworld'stop500enterprises,asanexample,thispaperbrieflyintroducesitsforeigninvestmentstatus.Finally,itisconcludedthatthecurrentsituationofChina'senterprises'foreigninvestmentisshortdevelopmenttime,lowinfluenceandsmallproportionofinvestmentindevelopedcountries.Therestrictingfactorsofenterprises'foreigninvestmentincludetheimperfectdomesticrelevantpoliciesandregulations,thelowlevelofeconomyandscienceandtechnology,thelackofenterprisecoretechnologyandprojectinformation,andthepoliticalandculturalcultureofthehostcountry.Theanalysisofhuawei'sinvestmentstatusshowsthathuaweiisacceleratingitsinvestmentabroad,butitsforeigninvestmentwillbeaffectedbythehostcountry.Keywords:outwardforeigndirectinvestment,constraints,countermeasurestudy,huawei目录1引言............................................................................................5II2.国内外研究现状.......................................................62.1国外研究现状.........................................................................62.2国内研究现状.........................................................................63我国对外直接投资的特点.........................83.1投资区域由集中化向多元化发展，影响逐渐扩大..................83.2投资行业和方式随地域不同而变化........................................83.3单项投资规模相对较小，分布不均........................................93.4起步较晚，存量较小..............................................................94我国对外直接投资制约因素分析114.1政府层面制约因素分析.......................................................114.1.1政策因素......................................................................114.1.2法律因素......................................................................114.1.3外交因素......................................................................114.2国内经济环境制约因素分析...............................................124.2.1我国经济发展水平.......................................................124.2.2我国的技术水平..........................................................124.2.3我国的财政支持无法彻底解决企业的实际问题...........134.3企业层面制约因素分析.......................................................134.3.1对外投资企业缺乏对外总体发展战略.........................134.3.2企业缺乏核...
